Zusammenfassung
Das bereichsübergreifende Selbstwertgefühl gilt als eine Schlüsselvariable in der menschlichen Entwicklung über die Lebensspanne. Ein niedriges Selbstwertgefühl oder Selbstwertverluste im Jugendalter können Ausgangspunkt unterschiedlicher Fehlentwicklungen wie z.B. Depression oder Delinquenz sein. Langfristige Auswirkungen des jugendlichen Selbstwertgefühls auf Anpassung bzw. Fehlanpassung im Erwachsenenalter wurden bislang jedoch kaum untersucht. In der vorliegenden Studie wird anhand von zehn biographischen Interviews die Selbstwertentwicklung im Jugendalter mit Berufserfolg, Substanzgebrauch, der Zufriedenheit mit der bisherigen Entwicklung und der Zukunftszuversicht im frühen Erwachsenenalter in Beziehung gesetzt. Die Befunde deuten darauf hin, dass ein konsistent niedriger Selbstwert im Jugendalter tatsächlich mit weniger erfolgreicher Anpassung im Erwachsenenalter korrespondiert. Ein konsistent hohes Selbstwertgefühl indessen garantiert keine gelungene Anpassung. Der Grund mag sein, dass ein extrem hoher Selbstwert, zumal im Jugendalter, an Selbstüberschätzung grenzt und/oder sich auf Bereiche und Erfahrungen gründet, die für gelungene Anpassung gemäß normativer Standards nur wenig Relevanz besitzen.
Abstract
Global self-esteem is seen as a key variable for human development across the life span. Low self-esteem or self-esteem losses during adolescence may be the point of departure for different maladaptive pathways such as depression and delinquency. The long-term effects of juvenile self-esteem on adaptation versus maladjustment in adulthood, however, have rarely been analyzed. In the present study based on ten biographical interviews, self-esteem development during adolescence is related to career success, substance use, satisfaction with one’s development and optimism with regard to the future. The findings point in the direction that indeed consistently low self-esteem during adolescence corresponds to less successful adaptation in adulthood. Consistently high self-esteem, however, does not guarantee successful adaptation. The reason may be that consistently high self-esteem, particularly if exhibited during adolescence, gets close to self-illusions and/or is based on those domains and experiences which lack relevance for successful adaptation according to normative standards.
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Reitzle, M. (2002). Ein gutes Selbstwertgefühl im Jugendalter — Garant für eine erfolgreiche Biographie?. In: Merkens, H., Zinnecker, J. (eds) Jahrbuch Jugendforschung. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80893-6_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80893-6_8
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