Abstract
The gauge theories of the strong and electroweak interactions of elementary particles were developed from phenomenological models which provided first explanations of the experimental results. These models are based on the fact that the fundamental constituents of matter are leptons and quarks. Guided by the success of Quantum Electrodynamics, the fundamental forces are described by the exchange of gauge bosons between these constituents. The gluons are responsible for the strong interaction, the photon, the W and Z bosons for the electroweak interaction. The quantum numbers and the basic properties of the fundamental fermions and bosons are resumed in Sect. 1.1. In order to formulate and apply these dynamical ideas, elements of relativistic quantum theory and of group theory are needed. They are presented in Sect. 1.2. In Sect. 1.3, the quantum numbers and wave functions of the hadrons in the framework of the phenomenological quark model, especially the arguments for colour and the non-relativistic treatment of quarkonia, are reviewed. The phenomenological description of the electroweak interaction and of the parton model, together with some typical applications, are given in Sects. 1.4 and 1.5. The importance of precision calculations, radiative corrections (Sect. 1.6), and arguments for gauge theories as relativistic quantum field theories (Sect. 1.7) conclude this chapter.
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Böhm, M., Denner, A., Joos, H. (2001). Phenomenological basis of gauge theories of strong, electromagnetic, and weak interactions. In: Gauge Theories of the Strong and Electroweak Interaction. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80160-9_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80160-9_1
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