Abstract
Detailed segmentation for the analysis of rubble masonry substrates is complex due to the lack of uniformity in size, geometry, coursing, bonding, and materials composition and texture of the individual stones. State-of-the-art technologies, such as Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) or photogrammetry, deliver precise geometrical and coloured data that can be processed by means of innovative techniques to segment and label these masonry units. The automatic segmentation of individual stones supports further analysis of rubble masonry via several parameters related to their geometry and face colour. These can be utilized for deciphering architectural construction methods and changes in materials, as well as being employed for practical maintenance and repair operations. This paper presents a new strategy for investigating historic masonry substrates, especially from the perspective of data processing methods supporting the automated segmentation and labelling of rubble stone walls. In particular, an innovative method based on the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is proposed for the automatic segmentation of rubble stone walls, which subsequently enables the automated analysis of the individual stones and mortar regions. Different experiments have been conducted on two significant Cultural Heritage (CH) buildings in Scotland, with the results clearly demonstrating the potential of the proposed method for historic interpretation and analysis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ICOMOS (1997) Guide to recording historic buildings. Butterworth Architecture
Binda L, Modena C, Baronio G et al (1997) Repair and investigation techniques for stone masonry walls. Constr Build Mater 11:3. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0950-0618(97)00031-7
BSI Group (2013) BS 7913:2013 - Guide to the conservation of historic buildings
Bailey G (1992) Lime and limekilns in the Falkirk District. Calatria, volume 3 of Falkirk Local History Society
Wilson L, Rawlinson A, Mitchell D et al (2013) The Scottish ten project: collaborative heritage documentation. In: International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences, XL-5/W2, pp 685–690. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w2-685-2013
Oses N, Dornaika F (2013) Image-based delineation of built heritage masonry for automatic classification. In: Kamel M, Campilho A (eds) Image analysis and recognition. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7950, pp 782–789. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39094-4_90
Cappellini V, Stefani C, Nony N et al (2012) Surveying masonry structures by semantically enriched 2.5D textures: a new approach. In: Ioannides M et al (eds) Progress in cultural heritage preservation. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7616, pp 729–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34234-9_77
Addison PS (2002) The illustrated wavelet transform handbook: introductory theory and applications in science, engineering, medicine and finance. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Cox EP (1927) A method of assigning numerical and percentage values to the degree of roundness of sand grains. J Paleontol 1:179–183
Smith AR (1978) Color gamut transform Pairs. In: Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 1978 conference. https://doi.org/10.1145/965139.807361
Anderson M, Motta R, Chandrasekar S et al (1996) Proposal for a standard default color space for the internet—sRGB. In: 4th color and imaging conference proceedings, pp 238–245(8)
Historic Scotland (2001) External lime coatings on traditional buildings. TAN 15. Historic Scotland
Acknowledgments
This paper was made possible thanks to research funding from Historic Environment Scotland (HES). The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of HES. The authors would also like to acknowledge the HES Digital Documentation team for providing us with the point cloud data used in the experiments reported in this paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 RILEM
About this paper
Cite this paper
Valero, E., Bosché, F., Forster, A., Hyslop, E. (2019). Historic Digital Survey: Reality Capture and Automatic Data Processing for the Interpretation and Analysis of Historic Architectural Rubble Masonry. In: Aguilar, R., Torrealva, D., Moreira, S., Pando, M.A., Ramos, L.F. (eds) Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. RILEM Bookseries, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99441-3_41
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99441-3_41
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99440-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-99441-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)