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Historical Perspectives

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Cancer and AIDS

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Abstract

The public response to cancer that led to the signing to law of the United State of America National Cancer Act (NCA) on December 23, 1971 is credited with the unprecedented advances, including strengthening of all types of biomedical research (BMR), the growth of the new industry of biotechnology, unlocking of many secrets of the working of the mammalian cell in general, and the cancer cell in particular, lifesaving advances and positive impact on the lives of millions of cancer survivors in economically developed world, improved quality of live for cancer patients on treatment regimens, improved precision in disease diagnosis, leading to personalized cancer care, pain control, and the emergence of translational research. BMR also led to the renaissance of immunotherapy through improved understanding of the human immune responses (HIR), and the emergence of the immune checkpoint inhibiting agents, which are making the control of drug-resistant “orphan” cancers possible. The better understanding of the nature of HIR may ultimately lead to a convergence in cancer and HIV/AIDS control, with the potential of making the most resistant of these conditions manageable, if not curable. The discovery of the first human retrovirus (HTLV-1) in 1979, timely enough for the discovery of HIV, the causative agent of the AIDS pandemic, and honored with a Nobel Prize in Medicine, is another fortuitous byproduct of the NCA. While an African “Golden Age” of cancer research predated NCA, the latter has unleashed a global trend in cancer control, including in developing countries of Sub Sahara Africa.

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    Christopher Kwesi O. Williams

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Williams, C.K.O. (2019). Historical Perspectives. In: Cancer and AIDS . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99359-1_2

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