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Interplay Between Tectonics & Eustacy in a Proterozoic Epicratonic, Polyhistory Basin, North Dharwar Craton

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Tectonics and Structural Geology: Indian Context

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Abstract

The Kaladgi basin of the Dharwar craton is one of the smaller Purana basins of Peninsular India. It hosts two sequences of epicratonic sediments separated by an erosional and angular unconformity; that are comparable in the sedimentological contents and depositional patterns to the other Purana basins. The pervasive deformation of the older Bagalkot Group is unlike the deformation in other Purana basins. Observations and data on the distribution of sedimentary facies and their mutual interrelations, stratigraphic succession, structural patterns are used to analyze the subsidence history of this basin. It is demonstrated that an interplay between extensional tectonics and eustatic sea-level rise have resulted in the preserved contents of the basin. Two distinct transgressive cycles (with a localised subsidiary sea-level spike during the waning phase of the first cycle) flooded the northern margin of the Dharwar craton. A transtensional extension due to a contemporary reactivation of the basement shears contributed to the growth of the Kaladgi basin. Synsedimentary tectonic subsidence punctuated the relative sea-level rise and enhanced the sediment accumulation in the Bagalkot Group. An intervening phase of compressive tectonics deformed the existing sedimentary sequences into tight plunging folds and exposed them to erosional forces. The succeeding Badami Group hosts continental deposits with minor marine components. Sparse tectonic activity attended the second (Neoproterozoic) transgression that yielded this younger sequence. The Kaladgi basin is a polyhistory basin that evolved in two pulses. The early growth was of a continent-interior sag/rift driven by reactivation of basement shear zones during the Mesoproterozoic. The Neoproterozoic successor basin rests atop this as a nested continental sag basin. New geochronology of the intrusives in the basin helps correlate these events with global supercontinental events.

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Acknowledgements

This work is the result of more than 3 decades of research in the Kaladgi basin that was funded by CSIR, DST and AMD. Different students and colleagues at different times have helped in the data collection and we acknowledge their contributions to the work. We are thankful to Prof. V. V. Peshwa, Prof. T. K. Biswal, Prof. V. G. Phansalkar, Dr. Amogh Chitrao, Dr. Anand Kale, Dr. Himanshu Kulkarni and Dr. Pradeep Jadhav for their suggestions and discussions on this work. We thank Prof. Soumyajit Mukherjee for inviting us to contribute this chapter and his patient support and encouragement. The comments and suggestions from the reviewers helped improve the manuscript significantly.

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  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India

    Shilpa Patil Pillai

  2. Advanced Center of Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), Kshipra Society, Karvenagar, Pune, 411052, India

    Vivek S. Kale

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Correspondence to Vivek S. Kale .

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  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Soumyajit Mukherjee

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Patil Pillai, S., Kale, V.S. (2019). Interplay Between Tectonics & Eustacy in a Proterozoic Epicratonic, Polyhistory Basin, North Dharwar Craton. In: Mukherjee, S. (eds) Tectonics and Structural Geology: Indian Context. Springer Geology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99341-6_4

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