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The Eggplant Genome pp 193–212Cite as

Domestication of Eggplants: A Phenotypic and Genomic Insight

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Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

Agriculture, and in particular systematic and repeated cultivation of plants, is one of the main characteristics of post-Neolithic sedentary human societies. Deciphering the domestication pathways that have allowed for extensive cultivation of crops is of great scientific importance: first, because it can reveal the patterns and processes of human-induced selection and contribute to the knowledge of the genetic basis of adaptive traits, and second, because identifying the times and locations of domestication is crucial to the understanding of our own evolutionary history, in particular for the last ca. 12,000 years. Finally, the identification of genes involved in domestication could offer potential for future crop improvement. In some instances, knowledge from one crop can be transferred to another to reveal broad patterns, as well as the extent to which parallel evolution has given rise to the crops we rely on today. There have been a number of studies into eggplant domestication, but clarifying the routes and even the number of domestications has until today been limited. This is due to (1) partial knowledge on the identity of eggplant wild relatives, (2) sparse sampling (both in terms of species/accessions and types of data), and (3) inadequacy of the statistical tools used for phylogenetic/demographic inferences. However, the most recent analyses of Solanum melongena point to a single domestication and significant crop-wild-weedy gene flow, which likely hampered earlier phylogenetic attempts. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the domestication frameworks for the three eggplants, Solanum melongena, S. aethiopicum and S. macrocarpon. First, we detail the phenotypical traits of the crops and of their wild progenitors. Then, we detail the historical hypotheses on domestication of eggplants and, when possible, we re-evaluate them in the light of the genomic data generated within the last couple of years.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

    Anna M. L. Page & Mark A. Chapman

  2. INRA Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (UR1052), CS60094, 84143, Montfavet Cedex, France

    Marie-Christine Daunay

  3. Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique et Évolution, UMR 8079 Université Paris-Sud/CNRS/AgroParisTech, Orsay, France

    Xavier Aubriot

Authors
  1. Anna M. L. Page
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  2. Marie-Christine Daunay
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  3. Xavier Aubriot
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  4. Mark A. Chapman
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Correspondence to Mark A. Chapman .

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  1. Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Mark A. Chapman

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Page, A.M.L., Daunay, MC., Aubriot, X., Chapman, M.A. (2019). Domestication of Eggplants: A Phenotypic and Genomic Insight. In: Chapman, M. (eds) The Eggplant Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99208-2_12

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