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Osteolysis After Total Hip Arthroplasty: Basic Science

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Acetabular Revision Surgery in Major Bone Defects

Abstract

Total hip replacement has become one of the most successful interventions achieved in modern medicine, with excellent technical outcomes and benefits for patients suffering end-stage joint diseases. In-service degradation of prosthetic materials results in the production and accumulation of wear debris particles with devastating effects for the peri-implant tissues. Exposure to wear debris induces a localized inflammatory response and periprosthetic osteolysis, leading to aseptic loosening and failure of the implant. In order to solve this clinical problem, efforts have been focused on improving the tribological properties of biomaterials and elucidating the biological response to wear debris. Unravelling the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this pathology will aid to identify diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

This chapter provides a general overview of the biological events that govern the etiology of periprosthetic osteolysis, illustrating current knowledge about particles produced by the most commonly used artificial joint articulating surfaces. A brief summary outlines the current and future state of preventive and therapeutic strategies to handle the adverse biological response to wear particles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

    G. Vallés & N. Vilaboa

  2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain

    G. Vallés & N. Vilaboa

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  1. G. Vallés
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  2. N. Vilaboa
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Correspondence to N. Vilaboa .

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  1. Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

    Eduardo García-Rey

  2. Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

    Eduardo García-Cimbrelo

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Vallés, G., Vilaboa, N. (2019). Osteolysis After Total Hip Arthroplasty: Basic Science. In: García-Rey, E., García-Cimbrelo, E. (eds) Acetabular Revision Surgery in Major Bone Defects. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98596-1_1

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