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Nutritional Influences on Bone Health pp 77–94Cite as

Nutrition and Exercise Approaches to Enhance Muscle, Mobility, and Cognition During Aging

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Abstract

Age-related losses in muscle mass, strength, and function (termed sarcopenia) coupled with a deterioration in brain structure and cognitive function have been associated with a greater risk for incident disability, falls, fractures, and frailty as well as incident dementia. As a result, there has been considerable interest in identifying strategies that can simultaneously improve muscle and cognitive health outcomes. Regular exercise and adequate nutrition are promoted as two key modifiable lifestyle factors that can optimize physical, functional, and cognitive health into old age. To date, the vast majority of research has focused on the independent effects of exercise and various nutritional factors on physical and/or cognitive function. However, combining exercise and nutritional approaches may provide additive or synergistic health benefits due to their similar cellular and molecular pathways, including the regulation of various growth and neurotrophic factors and the modulation of systemic inflammation. This chapter provides an overview of the independent and combined effects of exercise with various nutritional factors, specifically protein and dairy supplementation, vitamin D, fish oil and omega-3 fatty acids, creatine, antioxidant nutrients, and multi-nutrient supplements, on muscle mass, strength and functional performance, and cognitive function in older people.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Robin M. Daly, Melissa B. Formica, Jamie L. Tait & Helen Macpherson

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  1. Robin M. Daly
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  2. Melissa B. Formica
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  3. Jamie L. Tait
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  4. Helen Macpherson
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Correspondence to Robin M. Daly .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nutrition and Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Connie M. Weaver

  2. Geriatrics and Aging Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Heike Bischoff-Ferrari

  3. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University , Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Robin M. Daly

  4. Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong

    Man-Sau Wong

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Daly, R.M., Formica, M.B., Tait, J.L., Macpherson, H. (2019). Nutrition and Exercise Approaches to Enhance Muscle, Mobility, and Cognition During Aging. In: Weaver, C., Bischoff-Ferrari, H., Daly, R., Wong, MS. (eds) Nutritional Influences on Bone Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98464-3_8

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