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Introduction: Victimhood, Violence, and Northern Ireland

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The Order of Victimhood

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in Compromise after Conflict ((PSCAC))

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Abstract

The introduction provides a thematic overview of issues surrounding the construction and contestation of victimhood, starting with how the subject resonates in everyday society before moving to its role in conflict and finally to the specific case of Northern Ireland, where contested notions of victimhood burden an uneasy peace process. I provide a necessary background to the decades-long conflict in and about Northern Ireland, and clarify terminology to enable extensive engagement with the case throughout the course of the book. The introduction then poses the major question driving the project: how do perceptions of victimhood impact peacebuilding and reconciliation processes in Northern Ireland? I close by briefly laying out the structure through which the proceeding discussion and argumentation take shape.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Other factions of the UVF and UDA included the Red Hand Commandos, Ulster Freedom Fighters , and the Loyalist Volunteer Force.

  2. 2.

    The British Army operation in Northern Ireland, Operation Banner, lasted from 1969 to 2007.

  3. 3.

    Other organisations associated with this lobby have included Justice for Innocent Victims of Terrorism , Innocent Victims United , and South East Fermanagh Families.

  4. 4.

    Power sharing collapsed several times after the 1998 Agreement, and the victims definition was instituted during the period of direct rule that took place between 2002 and 2007.

  5. 5.

    The ICLVR was tasked with locating the remains of 16 individuals who had been ‘disappeared’ by republican paramilitaries. As of publication all but three have been found.

  6. 6.

    Cross-community refers to initiatives which include both CNR and PUL communities.

  7. 7.

    Amongst these themes would reportedly include shoot-to-kill policies by state forces and republican practices of disappearances.

  8. 8.

    Statistics from the Public Prosecution Service show that out of the 1188 PSNI Legacy Investigations, only 354 are cases attributed to security forces, whereas 530 are attributed to republicans and 271 are attributed to loyalists (Kearney 2017).

  9. 9.

    A number of republicans who were ‘on the run ’ had received letters from the UK government assuring them there was not currently enough evidence for prosecution and they could therefore return to Northern Ireland without fear of arrest.

  10. 10.

    The fourth strand includes those disappeared or exiled from their communities.

  11. 11.

    Information about Healing Through Remembering can be found at www.healingthroughremembering.org.

  12. 12.

    The most notable included the Dealing with the Past in Northern Ireland: Law, Prosecutions & Truth Recovery conference organised by Queen’s University Belfast and CVSNI (21 May 2013); CVSNI Dealing with the Past conference (25 February 2014); WAVE Storytelling and Dealing with the Past (April 2014); Remedying the Past: Healing for the Future conference at Queen’s University Belfast (3 October 2014).

  13. 13.

    Approval for this research was obtained on 26 November 2012 from the Irish School of Ecumenics Ethics Committee at Trinity College, Dublin.

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    Sarah E. Jankowitz

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Jankowitz, S.E. (2018). Introduction: Victimhood, Violence, and Northern Ireland. In: The Order of Victimhood. Palgrave Studies in Compromise after Conflict. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98328-8_1

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