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Fibrosis in Disease pp 369–386Cite as

Vascular Fibrosis and Disease

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Part of the book series: Molecular and Translational Medicine ((MOLEMED))

Abstract

Fibrosis can lead to a broad range of diseases affecting essentially every organ. Thus, interventions targeting fibrosis are expected to have profound therapeutic effects. However, thus far there are no effective clinical treatments to specifically block fibrotic processes, underscoring the necessity of enhanced research efforts in this arena. The hallmark of vascular fibrotic disorders is extensive extracellular matrix remodeling primarily mediated by myofibroblasts. A prominent feature of the vasculature is that all three major constituent cell types, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells, maintain phenotypic plasticity. In response to various fibrogenic stimuli, these vascular cells along with progenitor cells can transform into myofibroblasts or myofibroblast-like cells, collectively yet variably contributing to vascular fibrosis. As such, the vascular system provides useful models for studying fibrotic mechanisms. In this chapter, we focus on vascular fibrosis and associated diseases, providing an overview of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms and their multifaceted impacts on disease outcomes. Potential antifibrotic targets and the emerging importance of epigenetic regulators in the major vascular diseases are also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH grants R01 HL133665 (to L-WG), R01HL143469 and R01HL129785 (both to KCK and L-WG), and R01HL-068673 (to KCK), and AHA predoctoral fellowship awards (17PRE33670865 to MZ and 16PRE30160010 to BW).

We thank Dr. Matthew Stratton in the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute of the Ohio State University for informative discussion and proofreading.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Mengxue Zhang, Bowen Wang & Lian-Wang Guo

  2. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Bowen Wang, K. Craig Kent & Lian-Wang Guo

  3. Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Lian-Wang Guo

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  1. Mengxue Zhang
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  2. Bowen Wang
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  3. K. Craig Kent
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  4. Lian-Wang Guo
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Correspondence to Lian-Wang Guo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Monte S. Willis

  2. Department of Health Promotion and Development, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Cecelia C. Yates

  3. Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Jonathan C. Schisler

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Zhang, M., Wang, B., Kent, K.C., Guo, LW. (2019). Vascular Fibrosis and Disease. In: Willis, M., Yates, C., Schisler, J. (eds) Fibrosis in Disease . Molecular and Translational Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98143-7_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98143-7_14

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