Abstract
Transformation became a new keyword in recent discourses of global change, global governance, and sustainable development. The discussion of transformative education, transformative literacy, transformative action, and transformative science did not finally clarify the transformation concept that remains diffuse, with a variety of meanings and interpretations, requiring theoretical clarification. Transformation is often synonymously used with transition. Differences between the two terms have been discussed in the social-ecological discourse, referring to socio-metabolic or social-ecological transformations imply broader changes that include changes in social and ecological systems and in nature–society interaction. Managed transitions to sustainability imply mainly social, economic and cultural changes that may have environmental impacts.
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Bruckmeier, K. (2019). Global Environmental Change and the Transformation of the Earth System. In: Global Environmental Governance. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98110-9_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98110-9_8
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