Abstract
Cancer stem cells are a rare sub-population of cancer cells, responsible for metastasis, multiple differentiation, and tumor reoccurrence. These are one of the major reasons for the ineffectiveness of traditional cancer therapy, resulting in a relapse of many cancers. The current book chapter explores and characterizes immunological features of cancer stem cells and delves upon their significance for developing immunotherapy. We summarize: (1) characterization of cancer stem cells with comparison to general stem cells on the basis of molecular and specific CSC markers; (2) signaling pathways involved in therapy resistance of CSCs; (3) CSC niche and its contribution to tumor therapy; and (4) immunological response and comparison of current cancer stem cell-based immunotherapy. A detailed overview and better understanding of cancer stem cells and its correlation with immune system would provide a better insight for development of cancer stem cell-based immunotherapy.
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Abbreviations
- ALDH:
-
Aldehyde dehydrogenases
- AML:
-
Acute myelocytic leukemia
- CSC:
-
Cancer stem cell
- EMT:
-
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- LGR5:
-
Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5
- SMO:
-
Smoothened
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Rohila, D., Yao, Y., Jin, X. (2018). Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and Their Application in Cancer Immunotherapy. In: Pham, P., El-Hashash, A. (eds) Stem Cells for Cancer and Genetic Disease Treatment. Stem Cells in Clinical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98065-2_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98065-2_4
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