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How Intelligence Community Interprets Imprecise Evaluative Linguistic Expressions, and How to Justify this Empirical-Based Interpretation

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Book cover Recent Developments in Data Science and Intelligent Analysis of Information (ICDSIAI 2018)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 836))

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Abstract

To provide a more precise meaning to imprecise evaluative linguistic expressions like “probable” or “almost certain”, researchers analyzed how often intelligence predictions hedged by each corresponding evaluative expression turned out to be true. In this paper, we provide a theoretical explanation for the resulting empirical frequencies.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the US National Science Foundation grant HRD-1242122.

The authors are greatly thankful to the anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions and to Dan Tavrov for his help.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Teacher Education, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA

    Olga Kosheleva

  2. Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA

    Vladik Kreinovich

Authors
  1. Olga Kosheleva
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  2. Vladik Kreinovich
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vladik Kreinovich .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Mathematics Department, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Oleg Chertov

  2. Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Tymofiy Mylovanov

  3. Department of Intelligent Information Systems, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine

    Yuriy Kondratenko

  4. Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

    Janusz Kacprzyk

  5. Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA

    Vladik Kreinovich

  6. Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Vadim Stefanuk

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Kosheleva, O., Kreinovich, V. (2019). How Intelligence Community Interprets Imprecise Evaluative Linguistic Expressions, and How to Justify this Empirical-Based Interpretation. In: Chertov, O., Mylovanov, T., Kondratenko, Y., Kacprzyk, J., Kreinovich, V., Stefanuk, V. (eds) Recent Developments in Data Science and Intelligent Analysis of Information. ICDSIAI 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 836. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97885-7_9

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