Skip to main content

Genomic Resources of Ocimum

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover The Ocimum Genome

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

The genus Ocimum belonging to the family Lamiaceae, collectively known as basil, has long been acclaimed for the genetic diversity of the species within the genus. Ocimum comprises at least 65 species but more than 150 species, according to some sources, of herbs and shrubs from the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. The main center of diversity appears to be Africa. Basil, one of the most popular herbs grown in the world, is native to Asia and can be observed growing wild in tropical and subtropical regions. In the present chapter, an effort has been made to list all the available genomic resources of the Ocimum species worldwide and to describe the medicinal potentialities, uses, and essential oil components of some important ones.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Akinmoladun AC, Ibukun EO, Emmanuel A, Obuotor EM, Farombi EO (2007) Phytochemical constituent and antioxidant activity of extract from the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum. Sci Res Essay 2:163–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (1966) The wealth of India—raw materials, vol III. CSIR, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (1991) The wealth of India. Publication and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi, pp 79–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhasin M (2012) Ocimum—taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic value of essential oil. J Biosph 1:48–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Chagonda LS, Makanda CD, Chalchat J (2000) The essential oils of Ocimum canum Sims (basilic camphor) and Ocimum urticifolia Roth from Zimbabwe. Flav Fragr J 15:23–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Commission Planning (2000) Report of the taskforce on medicinal plants in India. Planning Commission, Government of India, Yojana Bhawan, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Cristiana M, Murbach F, Márcia OM, Mirtes C (2006) Effects of seasonal variation on the central nervous system activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. essential oil. J Ethnopharmacol 105:161–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Danso-Boateng E (2013) Effect of drying methods on nutrient quality of Basil (Ocimum viride) leaves cultivated in Ghana. Int Food Res J 20(4):1569–1573

    Google Scholar 

  • Darrah HH (1980) The cultivated basils. Buckeye Printing Company, Independence

    Google Scholar 

  • Deschamps C, Simon JE (2010) Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in leaves and glandular trichomes of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Meth Mol Biol 643:263–273

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gang DR, Simon J, Lewinsohn E, Pichersky E (2002) Peltate glandular trichomes of Ocimum basilicum L. (Sweet Basil) contain high levels of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of phenylpropenes. J Herbs Spices Med Plants 9(2):189–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gill D, Soni N, Sagar B, Raheja S, Agrawal S (2012) Ocimum kilimandscharicum: a systematic review. J Drug Deliv Ther 2(3):45–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalves L, Azevedo AA, Otoni WC (2010) Characterization and ontogeny of the glandular trichomes of Ocimum selloi Benth. (Lamiaceae). Acta Bot Bras 24(4):909–915 (Feira de Santana )

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SM (1971) Plant myths and traditions in India. E.J. Brill, Leiden, Vangsgaards Antikvariat Aps (Copenhagen, Denmark), pp 66–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta AK, Tandon N, Sharma M (eds) (2008) Ocimum sanctum Linn. In: Quality standards of Indian medicinal plants, vol 5. Medicinal Plants Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, pp. 275–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Ijeh II, Omodamiro OD, Nwanna IJ (2005) Antimicrobial effects of aqueous and ethanolic fractions of two spices, Ocimum gratissimum and Xylopia aethiopica. Afr J Biotechnol 4:953–956

    Google Scholar 

  • Jirovetz L, Buchbauer G, Shafi MP, Kaniampady MM (2003) Chemotaxonomical analysis of the essential oil aroma compounds of four different Ocimum species from southern India. Eur Food Res Technol 217:120–124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalita J, Khan ML (2013) Commercial potentialities of essential oil of Ocimum members growing in North East India. Int J Pharm Life Sci 4(4):2559–2567

    Google Scholar 

  • Kokwaro JO (1976) Medicinal plants of East Africa. East African Literature Bureau, Kul Graphics Ltd., Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • Lal RK, Khanuja SPS, Agnihotri AK, Misra HO, Shasany AK, Naqvi AA, Dhawan OP, Kalra A, Bahl JR, Darokar MP (2003) High yielding eugenol rich oil producing variety of Ocimum sanctum—CIM-Ayu. J Med Arom Plant Sci 25:746–747

    Google Scholar 

  • Li XY, Hedge IC Lamiaceae (1994). In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (eds) Flora of China, vol 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp 296–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyers M (2003) Basil: an herb society of America guide. The Herb Society of America, Kirtland

    Google Scholar 

  • Mondal S, Mirdha BR, Mahapatra SC (2009) The science behind sacredness of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.). Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 58(4):291–306

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherji SP (1987) Ocimum—a cheap source of Eugenol. Sci Rep 599

    Google Scholar 

  • Nadkarni KM (1999) Indian materia medica, 3rd edn. Popular Prakashan Pvt Ltd, G. G. Pathare at Popul”r Press (Born.) Ltd., Bombay and Published by G. R. Bhatkal, jointly for the Popular Book Depot (Regd.), Bombay and Dhootapapeshwar Prakashan Ltd., Panvel

    Google Scholar 

  • Ofori DO, Reichmuth CH, Bekele AJ, Hassanali A (1998) Toxicity and protectant potential of camphor, a major component of essential oil of Ocimum kilimandscharicum, against four-stored product beetles. Int Pest Manag 44(4):203–209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orwa C, Muta A, Kindt R, Jamnads R, Simons A (2009) Agrofrestre database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0. http://www.orldagrofrestry.org/aftredb/

  • Parotta JA (2001) Healing plants of peninsular India. CABI Publishing, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pattanayak P, Behera P, Das D, Panda SK (2010) Ocimum sanctum Linn. A reservoir plant for therapeutic applications: an overview. Pharmacog Rev 4(7):95–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prabhu KS, Lobo R, Shirwaikar AA, Shirwaikar A (2009) Ocimum gratissimum: a review of its chemical, pharmacological and ethnomedicinal properties. Open Complement Med J 1:1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prakash P, Gupta N (2005) Therapeutic uses of Ocimum sanctum linn (tulsi) with a note on eugenol and its pharmacological actions: a short review. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 49(2):125–131

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rabelo M, Souza EP, Soares PMG, Miranda AV, Matos FJA, Criddle DN (2003) Antinociceptive properties of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Labiatae) in mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 36:521–524

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajeshwari S (1992) Ocimum sanctum. The Indian home remedy. In: Rajeshwari S (ed) Current medical scene. Rajeswari Foundations Limited, Bombay

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon JE, Quinn J, Murray RG (1990) Basil: a source of essential oils. In: Janick J, Simon JE (eds) Advances in new crops. Timber, Portland, pp 484–989

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunitha K, Begum N (2013) Immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extract of Ocimum americanum seeds. Int J Res Pharm Chem 3(1):95–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiselton-Dyer TF (1889) The folk-lore of plants. D. Appleton and Company, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Ved DK, Goraya GS (2008) Demand and supply of medicinal plants in India. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (2002) Folium Ocimi Sancti. WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants, vol 2. World Health Organization, Geneva, pp 206–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheljazkov VD, Callahan A, Cantrell CL (2008) Yield and oil composition of 38 Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) accessions grown in Mississippi. J Agric Food Chem 56:241–245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ajit Kumar Shasany .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Shah, S., Rastogi, S., Shasany, A.K. (2018). Genomic Resources of Ocimum. In: Shasany, A., Kole, C. (eds) The Ocimum Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97430-9_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics