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The End of China’s Non-Intervention Policy in Africa pp 101–140Cite as

Palgrave Macmillan

Libya

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Part of the book series: Critical Studies of the Asia-Pacific ((CSAP))

Abstract

Building on the broad history of Sino-Africa relations, and particularly on the thesis that China expands its interests abroad when its relative economic power increases, this chapter discusses China’s intervention in Libya’s 2011 intrastate armed conflict. It begins by exploring Sino-Libya diplomatic, political and economic relations from a historical perspective, and then focuses on China’s economic interests in Libya and how the outbreak of the intrastate armed conflict in 2011 affected those interests in a manner and scale never before experienced by China in Africa. The latter part of the chapter examines China’s unilateral, bilateral and multilateral intervention in the conflict. Overall, the main argument advanced in this chapter is that China’s response to the Libyan intrastate armed conflict reflects an indecisive foreign policy on intervention in foreign conflicts that gravitated from non-interventionism to ambivalent interventionism.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Taylor, I 2007b, ‘Unpacking China’s Resource Diplomacy in Africa’, Working Paper, no. 18, Center on China’s Transnational Relations, Hong Kong, p. 1.

  2. 2.

    Ogunsanwo, A 1974, China’s policy in Africa: 1958–71, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 8.

  3. 3.

    Shichor, Y 2014, ‘Respected and suspected: Middle Eastern perceptions of China’s rise’ in N Horesh & E Kavalski (eds.), Asian Thought on China’s Changing International Relations, Palgrave Macmillan, London, p. 128.

  4. 4.

    Meredith, M 2011, The state of Africa: A history of the continent since independence, Simon and Schuster, London, p. 350.

  5. 5.

    Ogunsanwo, A 1974, China’s policy in Africa: 1958–71, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 244.

  6. 6.

    Shinn, DH & Eisenman, J 2012, China and Africa: A century of engagement, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, p. 238.

  7. 7.

    ‘Brief introduction to relations between China and Libya’ 2002, Xinhua, 5 April, viewed 16 May 2014, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-04/05/content_346047.htm

  8. 8.

    Ibid.

  9. 9.

    ‘Backgrounder: Major events in Sino-Libyan relations’ 2002, Xinhua, 13 April, viewed 16 May 2014, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-04/13/content_358002.htm

  10. 10.

    ‘Chinese president starts state visit to Libya’ 2002, Xinhua, 13 April, viewed 16 May 2014, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-04/13/content_357037.htm

  11. 11.

    ‘Backgrounder: Major events in Sino-Libyan relations’ 2002, Xinhua, 13 April, viewed 16 May 2014, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-04/13/content_358002.htm

  12. 12.

    Shinn, DH & Eisenman, J 2012, China and Africa: A century of engagement, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, p. 228.

  13. 13.

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  14. 14.

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  15. 15.

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  16. 16.

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  21. 21.

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  22. 22.

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  27. 27.

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  29. 29.

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  36. 36.

    Zhang, J & Wei, WX 2012, ‘Managing political risks of Chinese contracted projects in Libya’, Project Management Journal, vol. 43, no. 4, p. 49.

  37. 37.

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  38. 38.

    Zhang, J & Wei, WX 2012, ‘Managing political risks of Chinese contracted projects in Libya’, Project Management Journal, vol. 43, no. 4, p. 46.

  39. 39.

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  40. 40.

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  41. 41.

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  42. 42.

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  43. 43.

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  44. 44.

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  45. 45.

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  46. 46.

    ‘China counting financial losses in Libya’ 2011, Global Times, 4 March, viewed 12 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/629817.shtml

  47. 47.

    Sun, Y 2014, Africa in China’s foreign policy, Brookings Institute, Washington D.C. p. 10.

  48. 48.

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  50. 50.

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    UN Security Council 2011, Security Council resolution 1973 (2011) [on the situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya], 17 March, S/RES/1973(2011), viewed 12 June 2015, http://www.refworld.org/docid/4d885fc42.html

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    Wu, X & Yu, Z 2011, ‘China adopts pragmatic, constructive approach on Libya’, Xinhua, 24 June, viewed 12 June 2015, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-06/24/c_13948400.htm

  57. 57.

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  68. 68.

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  72. 72.

    ‘China confirms weapons firms met Gaddafi envoys in July’ 2011, BBC News, 5 September, viewed 12 June 2015, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-14785688; Branigan, T 2011, ‘Chinese arms companies ‘offered to sell arms to Gaddafi regime’, The Guardian, 5 September, viewed 12 June 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/sep/05/chinese-arms-companies-weapons-gaddafi-regime

  73. 73.

    Anderlini, J 2011, ‘China confirms Libya arms sale talks’, Financial Times, 5 September, viewed 12 June 2015, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/77a3e566-d7bb-11e0-a06b-00144feabdc0.html#axzz40VnGnbau

  74. 74.

    Wines, M 2011, ‘China says state-run arms makers talked to Libyans’, New York Times, 6 September, viewed 12 June 2015, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDF1F3AF935A3575AC0A9679D8B63

  75. 75.

    Branigan, T 2011, ‘Chinese arms companies ‘offered to sell arms to Gaddafi regime’, The Guardian, 5 September, viewed 12 June 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/sep/05/chinese-arms-companies-weapons-gaddafi-regime

  76. 76.

    Wines, M 2011, ‘China says state-run arms makers talked to Libyans’, New York Times, 6 September, viewed 12 June 2015, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDF1F3AF935A3575AC0A9679D8B63

  77. 77.

    ‘China sends plane to bring back Chinese citizens in Libya’ 2011, Global Times, 23 February, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/626214.shtml; ‘China arranges logistics backup for evacuation of citizens in Libya’ 2011, Global Times, 24 February, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/626637.shtml

  78. 78.

    ‘China strives to evacuate nationals from Libya, gets aid from foreign governments’ 2011, Global Times, 26 February, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/627666.shtml; ‘Chinese army likely to join more overseas evacuations after Libya mission: PLA generals’ 2011, Global Times, 5 March, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/630167.shtml; ‘35,860 Chinese nationals in Libya evacuated: FM’ 2011, Global Times, 3 March, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/629380.shtml

  79. 79.

    ‘China strives to evacuate nationals from Libya’ 2011, Global Times, 25 February, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/627198.shtml

  80. 80.

    Page, J 2011, ‘Libyan turmoil prompts Chinese naval first’, The Wall Street Journal, 25 February, viewed 13 June 2015, http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2011/02/25/libyan-turmoil-prompts-chinese-naval-firsts/

  81. 81.

    Ibid.

  82. 82.

    Hook, L & Dyer, G 2011, ‘Chinese oil interests attacked in Libya’, Financial Times, 24 February, viewed 13 June 2015, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/eef58d52-3fe2-11e0-811f-00144feabdc0.html

  83. 83.

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  1. Department of World Cultures, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Obert Hodzi

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Hodzi, O. (2019). Libya. In: The End of China’s Non-Intervention Policy in Africa. Critical Studies of the Asia-Pacific. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97349-4_4

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