Abstract
Crises are an inevitable part of modern society with ramifications not only for organizations but also for diverse stakeholders that constitute part of an organization’s environment. This chapter discusses different types of organizational crisis and crisis typologies. It examines the paradigm shift in the understanding of crisis communication, from a narrower focus on crisis as an event to a broader conceptualization of crisis as processes encompassing pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis management strategies. The main argument advanced in this chapter is that organizations should be guided by a stakeholder-oriented culture that values the involvement of stakeholders in most of the activities throughout the crisis management cycle.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alpaslan, C. M., Green, S. E., & Mitroff, I. I. (2009). Corporate Governance in the Context of Crises: Towards a Stakeholder Theory of Crisis Management. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 17(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5973.2009.00555.x
Beck, U. (1986). Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity (M. Ritter, Trans.). London: Sage Publications.
Beck, U. (2009). World of Risks. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Bell, L. M. (2010). Crisis Communication: The Praxis of Response. Review of Communication, 10(2), 142–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/15358591003653577
Bland, M. (1998). Communicating Out of a Crisis. London: Macmillan.
Boutilier, R. (2012). A Stakeholder Approach to Issues Management. New York, NY: Business Expert Press.
Coombs, W. T. (2007). Protecting Organizational Reputations during a Crisis: The Development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10, 163–176.
Coombs, W. T. (2010). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Coombs, W. T. (2015). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding (4th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Fink, S. (1986). Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable. New York, NY: AMACOM.
Frandsen, F., & Johansen, W. (2010). Krisekommunikation. Når virksomhedens image og omdømme er truet. Frederiksberg: Samfunnslitteratur.
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston: Pitman Publishing.
Gregory, A. (2005). Communication Dimensions of the UK Foot and Mouth Disease Crisis, 2001. Journal of Public Affairs, 5(3–4), 312–328.
Grunig, J. E., & Repper, F. (1992). Strategic Management, Publics, and Issues. In J. E. Grunig (Ed.), Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management (pp. 117–157). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hermann, C. F. (1963). Some Consequences of Crisis which Limit the Viability of Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 8, 61–82.
Jaques, T. (2007). Issue Management: An Integrated, Non-Linear, Relational Construct. Public Relations Review, 33(2), 147–157.
Lerbinger, O. (1997). The Crisis Manager: Facing Risk and Responsibility. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Massey, J. E., & Larsen, J. P. (2006). Crisis Management in Real Time: How to Successfully Plan for and Respond to a Crisis. Journal of Promotion Management, 12(3–4), 63–97.
Mitroff, I. I., & Anagnos, G. (2000). Managing Crises Before They Happen: What Every Executive & Manager Needs to Know about Crisis Management. Saranac Lake, NY: AMACOM Books.
Pearson, C. M., & Mitroff, I. I. (1993). From Crisis Prone to Crisis Prepared: A Framework for Crisis Management. Academy of Management Executive, 7, 48–59.
Perrow, C. (1999). Normal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Phillips, R. (2003). Stakeholder Theory and Organizational Ethics. Williston, VT: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Post, J. E., Preston, L. E., & Sachs, S. (2002). Managing the Extended Enterprise: The New Stakeholder View. California Management Review, 45(1), 6–28.
Ray, S. J. (1999). Strategic Communication in Crisis Management: Lessons from the Airline Industry. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.
Seeger, M. W., Sellnow, T. L., & Ulmer, R. R. (2003). Communication and Organizational Crisis. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Sellnow, T. L., & Seeger, M. W. (2013). Theorizing Crisis Communication. Somerset, NJ: Wiley.
Shrivastava, P. (1995). Ecocentric Management for a Globally Changing Crisis Society. Paper presented at the Academy of Management, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Weisæth, L., & Kjeserud, R. (2012). Ledelse ved kriser - en praktisk veileder. Oslo: Gyldendal Akademisk.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ndlela, M.N. (2019). Introduction. In: Crisis Communication. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97256-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97256-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Pivot, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-97255-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-97256-5
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)