Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Service Markets: Digital Business Models and International Expansion

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Digital Business Models

  • 5976 Accesses

Abstract

Service markets are both global and local. Firms develop strengths in the domestic market that can be exploited abroad, but we also see firms that from the very start work with international business models. The markets for these service firms are very different and the underlying competitive advantages that can be exploited can change rapidly. Through digitalization and the possibility to provide highly value-added services through the Internet, the spatial dynamics of these markets are volatile. This chapter discusses how firms can work over geographical distances and what makes a digital business model internationally scalable. Whereas the Internet has paved the way for rapid international expansion for firms such as Google and Facebook, most digital business face difficulties in expanding across borders. By analyzing the spatial logic for digital business models and by presenting an in-depth case study of a Swedish firm, Truecaller, this chapter analyzes the determinants for international scalability for firms with digital business models, and contributes new theoretical insights and practical advice for business managers seeking to internationalize their digital businesses.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    We apply the term ‘Online Service Provider’ (OSP), which has become an accepted term in research (Taddeo and Floridi 2015). An OSP is as a firm that provides services for users over the Internet. Examples of online services are social media (e.g. Facebook), games (e.g. Angry Birds), or information (e.g. Dictionary.com), and are digitized services. We want to emphasize that OSPs should not be confused with manufacturing and service firms using the Internet as a sales channel.

  2. 2.

    The number of international offline offices increased substantially between 2016 and 2017—from 37 to 42.

References

  • Alcácer, Juan, John Cantwell, and Lucia Piscitello. 2016. Internationalization in the Information Age: A New Era for Places, Firms, and International Business Networks? Journal of International Business Studies 47 (5): 499–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alvesson, Mats, and Dan Kärreman. 2007. Mystery Empirical Constructing Matters in Theory Development. Academy of Management Review 32 (4): 1265–1281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2011. Qualitative Research and Theory Development. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvstam, C.-G., Patrik Ström, and R. Robert Wentrup. 2016. Heterogeneous Economic Space in a Global Archipelago: An Economic Geography Perspective of Emerging Markets. In Handbook of Research on Emerging Markets, ed. Hermant Merchant. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson, Svante. 2004. Internationalization in Different Industrial Contexts. Journal of Business Venturing 19 (6): 851–875.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2011. International Entrepreneurship, Born Globals and the Theory of Effectuation. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise. Development 18 (3): 627–643.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arenius, Pia, Viveca Sasi, and Mika Gabrielsson. 2005. Rapid Internationalisation Enabled by the Internet: The Case of a Knowledge Intensive Company. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 3 (4): 279–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arenius, Sasi V., and M. Gabrielsson. 2006. Rapid Internationalisation Enabled by the Internet: The, Case of a Knowledge Intensive Company. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 3: 279–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Axinn, Catherine N., and Paul Matthyssens. 2002. Limits of Internationalization Theories in an Unlimited World. International Marketing Review 19 (5): 436–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, David A., Valerie J. Lindsay, and Elizabeth L. Rose. 2008. Rethinking the Paradigm of Service Internationalisation: Less Resource-Intensive Market Entry Modes for Information-Intensive Soft Services. Management International Review 48 (4): 413–431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bathelt, H., and Meric S. Gertler. 2005. The German Variety of Capitalism: Forces and Dynamics of Evolutionary Change. Economic Geography 81 (1): 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beyers, William B. 2012. The Service Industry Research Imperative. The Service Industries Journal 32 (4): 657–682.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boulaire, Christèle, and Bernard Cova. 2013. The Dynamics and Trajectory of Creative Consumption Practices as Revealed by the Postmodern Game of Geocaching. Consumption Markets and Culture 16 (1): 1–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brouthers, Keith D., Kim Dung Geisser, and Franz Rothlauf. 2016. Explaining the Internationalization of Ibusiness Firms. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (5): 513–534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, John R., Peter W. Daniels, and Barney Warf. 2013. Service Worlds: People, Organisations and Technologies. Service Worlds: People, Organisations and Technologies. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Buckley, Peter J., and Pervez N. Ghauri. 2004. Globalisation, Economic Geography and the Strategy of Multinational Enterprises. Journal of International Business Studies 35 (2): 81–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Homin, and Tain-Jy Chen. 1998. Network Linkages and Foreign Location Direct Choice Investment. Journal of International Business Studies 29 (3): 445–467.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, Gordon L. 1998. Stylized Facts and Close Dialogue: Methodology in Economic Geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 88 (1): 73–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coviello, Nicole E., and Hugh J. Munro. 1995. Growing the Entrepreneurial Firm Networking for International Market Development. European Journal of Marketing 29 (7): 49–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crick, Dave, and Marian V. Jones. 2000. Small High-Technology Firms and International High-Technology Markets. Journal of International Marketing 8 (2): 63–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuadrado-Roura, Juan R. 2013. Service Industries and Regions, Growth, Location and Regional Effects. Berlin: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Dunning, John H. 1977. Trade, Location of Economic Activity and the Multinational Enterprise: A Search for an Eclectic Approach. In The International Allocation of Economic Activity, ed. B. Ohlin, P.O. Hesselborn, and P.M. Nijkman, 395–418. London: Macmillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1998. Location Enterprise: The Multinational Neglected. Journal of International Business Studies 40 (1): 45–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2001. The Eclectic (OLI) Paradigm of International Production: Past, Present and Future. International Journal of the Economics of Business 8 (2): 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571510110051441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2003. Relational Assets, Networks and International Business Activity. In Alliance Capitalism and Corporate Management: Entrepreneurial Cooperation in Knowledge Based Economies, ed. J.H. Dunning and G. Boyd, 1–23. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2004. An Evolving Paradigm of the Economic Determinants of International Business Activity. In Managing Multinationals in a Knowledge Economy: Economics, Culture, and Human Resources, 3–27. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenhardt, K.M. 1989. Building Theories from Case Study Research. Academy of Management Review 14 (4): 532–550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ernkvist, Mirko and Patrik Ström. 2018. Differentiation in Digital Creative Industry Cluster Dynamics: The Growth and Decline of the JAPANESE Video Game Software Industry. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 100 (3): 263–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/04353684.2017.1423506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erramilli, M. Krishna. 1990. Entry Mode Choice in Service Industries. International Marketing Review 7 (5): 50–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Facebook. 2018. Facebook Newsroom. Available at: http://newsroom.fb.com/company-info. Accessed 7 Jan 2018.

  • Faulconbridge, James R. 2008. Negotiating Cultures of Work in Transnational Law Firms. Journal of Economic Geography 8 (4): 497–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flyvbjerg, Bent. 2011. Case Study. In The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, 301–316. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsgren, Mats, and Peter Hagström. 2007. Ignorant and Impatient Internationalization?: The Uppsala Model and Internationalization Patterns for Internet-Related Firms. Critical Perspectives on International Business 3 (4): 291–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabrielsson, Mika, and Peter Gabrielsson. 2011. Internet-Based Sales Channel Strategies of Born Global Firms. International Business Review 20 (1): 88–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gertler, M.S. 2003. Tacit Knowledge and the Economic Geography of Context, or The Undefinable Tacitness of Being (There). Journal of Economic Geography 3 (1): 75–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorman, Sean P. 2002. Where Are the Web Factories: The Urban Bias of E-Business Location. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 93 (5): 522–536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grabher, Gernot, Oliver Ibert, and Saskia Flohr. 2008. The Neglected King: The Customer in the New Knowledge Ecology of Innovation. Economic Geography 84 (3): 253–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Mark. 2010. Neogeography and the Palimpsests of Place: Web 2.0 and the Construction of a Virtual Earth. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 101 (4): 422–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Mark, Stefano De Sabbata, and Matthew A. Zook. 2015. Towards a Study of Information Geographies: (Im)mutable Augmentations and a Mapping of the Geographies of Information. Geo: Geography and Environment 2 (1): 88–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Håkanson, Lars, and Björn Ambos. 2010. The Antecedents of Psychic Distance. Journal of International Management 16 (3): 195–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, Jason Y.C., and Melanie Dempsey. 2010. Viral Marketing: Motivations to Forward Online Content. Journal of Business Research 63 (9–10): 1000–1006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ITU. (International Telecommunication Union) 2017. Measuring the Information Society 2017. Geneva: ITU. Available at: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/publications/misr2017/MISR2017_Volume1.pdf. Accessed 22 Jan 2017.

  • Jansson, Johan. 2008. Inside the Internet Industry: The Importance of Proximity in Accessing Knowledge in the Agglomeration of Internet Firms in Stockholm. European Planning Studies 16 (2): 211–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2011. Emerging (Internet) Industry and Agglomeration: Internet Entrepreneurs Coping with Uncertainty. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 23 (7–8): 499–521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johanson, Jan, and Jan-Erik Vahlne. 1977. The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments. Journal of International Business Studies 8 (1): 23–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1990. The Mechanism of Internationalisation. International Marketing Review 7 (4): 2651339010137414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2003. Business Relationship Learning and Commitment in the Internationalization Process. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 1: 83–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2006. Commitment and Opportunity Development in the Internationalization Process: A Note on the Uppsala Internationalization Process Model. Management International Review 46 (2): 165–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2009. The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited: From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership. Journal of International Business Studies 40 (9): 1411–1431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, Marian V., and Nicole E. Coviello. 2005. Internationalisation: Conceptualising an Entrepreneurial Process of Behaviour in Time. Journal of International Business Studies 36 (3): 284–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Daekwan. 2003. The Internationalization of US Internet Portals: Does It Fit the Process Model of Internationalization? Marketing Intelligence & Planning 21 (1): 23–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuivalainen, Olli, Sami Saarenketo, and Kaisu Puumalainen. 2012. Start-up Patterns of Internationalization: A Framework and Its Application in the Context of Knowledge-Intensive SMEs. European Management Journal 30 (4): 372–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindgreen, Adam, Angela Dobele, and Joëlle Vanhamme. 2013. Word-of-Mouth and Viral Marketing Referrals: What Do We Know? And What Should We Know? European Journal of Marketing 47 (7): 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loane, Sharon. 2005. The Role of the Internet in the Internationalisation of Small and Medium Sized Companies. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 3 (4): 263–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loane, Sharon, Rod B. McNaughton, and Jim Bell. 2004. The Internationalization of Internet-Enabled Entrepreneurial Firms: Evidence from Europe and North America. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences 21 (1): 79–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, Tage Koed, and Per Servais. 1997. The Internationalization of Born Globals: An Evolutionary Process? International Business Review 6 (6): 561–583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mariotto, Fabio Luiz, Pedro Pinto Zanni, and Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes. 2014. What Is the Use of a Single-Case Study in Management Research? RAE- Revista de Administración de Empresas 54 (4): 358–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDougall, Patricia P. 1989. International Versus Domestic Entrepreneurship: New Venture Strategic Behavior and Industry Structure. Journal of Business Venturing 4 (6): 387–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKinsey & Co. 1993. Emerging Exporters. Australia’s High Value-added Manufacturing Exporters. Melbourne: McKinsey and Company and the Australian Manufacturing Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moen, Øystein. 2002. The Born Globals. International Marketing Review 19 (2): 156–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moen, Øystein, Morten Gavlen, and Iver Endresen. 2004. Internationalization of Small, Computer Software Firms: Entry Forms and Market Selection. European Journal of Marketing 38 (9/10): 1236–1251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson, Patricia. 2017. London Start-ups Are Most Likely to Fail. Financial Times. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/e3c745c4-88d8-11e7-afd2-74b8ecd34d3b. Accessed 3 Feb 2018.

  • Ojala, Arto. 2015. Geographic, Cultural, and Psychic Distance to Foreign Markets in the Context of Small and New Ventures. International Business Review 24 (5): 825–835.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oviatt, Benjamin M., and Patricia P. McDougall. 1994. Toward a Theory of International New Ventures. Journal of International Business Studies 25 (1): 45–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2005. Defining International Entrepreneurship and Modeling the Speed of Internationalization. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice. 29: 537.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, Bent, Lawrence S. Welch, and Peter W. Liesch. 2003. The Internet and Foreign Market Expansion by Firms. IEEE Engineering Management Review 31 (4): 81–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pezderka, Noemi, and Rudolf R. Sinkovics. 2011. A Conceptualization of E-Risk Perceptions and Implications for Small Firm Active Online Internationalization. International Business Review 20 (4): 409–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philippe, Jean, and Pierre Yves Léo. 2011. Influence of Entry Modes and Relationship Modes on Business Services Internationalisation. Service Industries Journal 31 (4): 643–656.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, Andy C. 2008. Creative Cities: The Cultural Industries and the Creative Class. Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography 90 (2): 107–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puschmann, Thomas, and Rainer Alt. 2016. Sharing Economy. Business & Information Systems Engineering 58 (1): 93–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rochet, Jean-Charles, and Jean Tirole. 2003. Platform Competition in Two Sided Markets. The European Economic Journal … 1 (4): 990–1029.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2006. Two-Sided Markets: A Progress Report. The RAND Journal of Economics 37 (3): 645–667.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets. Competition Policy International 1: 990. https://doi.org/10.1162/154247603322493212.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rusten, Grete, and John R. Bryson. 2010. Placing and Spacing Services: Towards a Balanced Economic Geography of Firms, Clusters, Social Networks, Contracts and the Geographies of Enterprise. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 101 (3): 248–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samiee, Saeed. 1998. Exporting and the Internet: A Conceptual Perspective. International Marketing Review 15 (5): 413–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sasi, Viveca, and Pia Arenius. 2008. International New Ventures and Social Networks: Advantage or Liability? European Management Journal 26 (6): 400–411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Satta, Giovanni, Francesco Parola, and Luca Persico. 2014. Temporal and Spatial Constructs in Service Firms’ Internationalization Patterns: The Determinants of the Accelerated Growth of Emerging MNEs. Journal of International Management 20 (4): 421–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schu, Matthias, Dirk Morschett, and Bernhard Swoboda. 2016. Internationalization Speed of Online Retailers: A Resource-Based Perspective on the Influence Factors. Management International Review 56 (5): 733–757.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shneor, Rotem. 2012. Born Global Firms, Internet and New Forms of Internationalization. In Handbook of Research on Born Globals, ed. M. Gabrielsson and V.H.M. Kirpalani, 61–184. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinkovics, Noemi, Rudolf R. Sinkovics, and Ruey-Jer “Bryan” Jean. 2013. The Internet as an Alternative Path to Internationalization? International Marketing Review 30 (2): 130–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skog, Albin, Mats Lewan, Michael Karlström, Sergey Morgulis-Yakushev, Yixin Lu and Robin Teigland. 2016. Chasing the Tale of the Unicorn – A Study of Sweden’s Misty Meadows. Available at: https://www.hhs.se/contentassets/eba3ab2b0b1147fc942cf5f4fb902c14/chasing-the-tale-of-the-unicorn%2D%2D-a-study-of-stockholms-misty-meadows.pdf.

  • Storper, Michael. 2009. Regional Context and Global Trade. Economic Geography 85 (1): 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Storper, Michael, and Anthony J. Venables. 2004. Buzz: Face-to-Face Contact and the Urban Economy. Journal of Economic Geography 4 (4): 351–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ström, Patrik, and Mirko Ernkvist. 2012. Internationalization of the Korean Online Game Industry: Exemplified Through the Case of NCsoft. International Journal of Technology and Globalization 6: 312–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ström, Patrik, and Roger Schweizer. 2011. Space Oddity – On Managerial Decision-making and Space. In Spaces of International Economy and Management, Launching New Perspectives on Management and Geography, ed. R. Schlunze, N. Agola, and W. Baber, 304–321. New York: Palgrave.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strom, Patrik, and Robert Wentrup. 2016. Internationalization as Innovation Driver in Services. In Service Innovation. Japan: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taddeo, M., and L. Floridi. 2015. The Debate on the Moral Responsibilities of Online Service Providers. Science and Engineering Ethics. Available at: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11948-015-9734-1. Accessed 10 Aug 2018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The Economist. 2013. Chrome Rules the Web. The Economist. Printed: 10 August 2013. Available at: http://www.economist.com/news/business/21583288-what-googles-browser-has-common-queen-victoria-chrome-rules-web.

  • Tiessen, James H., Richard W. Wright, and Ian Turner. 2001. A Model of E-Commerce Use by Internationalizing SMEs. Journal of International Management 7 (3): 211–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tikkanen, Henrikki. 1998. The Network Approach in Analyzing International Marketing and Purchasing Operations: A Case Study of a European SME’s Focal Net 1992–95. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 13 (2): 109–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tracy, Sarah J. 2012. Qualitative Research Methods. Collecting Evidence, Crafting Analysis, Communicating Impact. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trippl, Michaela, Franz Tödtling, and Lukas Lengauer. 2009. Knowledge Sourcing beyond Buzz and Pipelines: Evidence from the Vienna Software Sector. Economic Geography 85 (4): 443–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vahlne, Jan-Erik, and Jan Johanson. 2013. The Uppsala Model on Evolution of the Multinational Business Enterprise – from Internalization to Coordination of Networks. International Marketing Review 30 (3): 189–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warf, Barney. 2013. Global Geographies of the Internet: Global E-Commerce. In SpringerBriefs in Geography. Vol. 1. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wentrup, Robert. 2016. The Online–Offline Balance: Internationalization for Swedish Online Service Providers. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 14 (4): 562–594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wentrup, Robert, Patrik Ström, and H. Richard Nakamura. 2016. Digital Oases and Digital Deserts in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 7 (1): 77–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamin, Mohammad, and Rudolf R. Sinkovics. 2006. Online Internationalisation, Psychic Distance Reduction and the Virtuality Trap. International Business Review 15 (4): 339–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, Robert K. 2009. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. In Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research. Vol. 5. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yip, George S., and Anna M. Dempster. 2005. Using the Internet to Enhance Global Strategy. European Management Journal 23 (1): 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zook, M.A. 2002a. Grounded Capital: Venture Financing and the Geography of the Internet Industry, 1994–2000. Journal of Economic Geography 2 (2): 151–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2002b. Hubs, Nodes and by-Passed Places: A Typology of E-Commerce Regions in the United States. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 93 (5): 509–521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zott, Christoph, Raphael Amit, and J.O.N. Donlevy. 2000. Strategies for Value Creation in E-Commerce: Best Practice in Europe. European Management Journal 18 (5): 463–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors want to express gratitude to the interviewed cofounders and managers of Truecaller for sharing their experiences regarding internationalization.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for International Business Studies (CIBS), School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Robert Wentrup & Patrik Ström

Authors
  1. Robert Wentrup
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Patrik Ström
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert Wentrup .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark

    Annabeth Aagaard

Appendix

Appendix

Table 7.2 Truecaller’s top markets per active users
Full size table

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Wentrup, R., Ström, P. (2019). Service Markets: Digital Business Models and International Expansion. In: Aagaard, A. (eds) Digital Business Models. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96902-2_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation