Abstract
This chapter examines the policymaking process after hurricane Katrina severely challenged the spatial governance strategy in US flood governance, embodied in the National Flood Insurance Program. In this process, reforms adopted in 2012 to “repair” the National Flood Insurance Program were partly repealed in 2014 because they produced very high premium increases. This pendulum policy shift raises questions about the extent to which and way in which these distributive impacts of the 2012 policy reforms were recognized and discussed in the political decision-making process. This chapter analyses this question with a focus on the role of experts. The chapter concludes that under the rational-administrative expertise of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), a technical understanding of the problem emerged which created support for a policy solution that aimed to repair the financial structure underlying the insurance program. In doing so, attention was drawn away from the distributive impacts of this policy solution on the ground. Rather than explaining these policy developments from expert involvement alone, this chapter concludes that this specific problem understanding evolved through the interactions between experts and political actors in a situated context, in which strategic actions and collective sense-making went hand in hand.
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Notes
- 1.
Interview National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies, May 13, 2014.
- 2.
Interview Resources for the Future, April 22, 2014, Washington, DC; Interview Association of State Floodplain Managers, April 23, 2014, Washington, DC. Interview FEMA, April 25, 2014, Washington, DC.
- 3.
Interview US Government Accountability Office, April 25, 2014, Washington, DC; Interview National Association of Realtors, April 25, 2014, Washington, DC.
- 4.
Interview Resources for the Future, April 22, 2014, Washington, DC.
- 5.
Interview Resources for the Future, April 22, 2014, Washington, DC.
- 6.
Interview National Association of Realtors, April 25, 2014 (skype interview).
- 7.
Interview Association of State Floodplain Managers, April 23, 2014, Washington, DC.
- 8.
Interview US Government Accountability Office, April 25, 2014, Washington, DC.
- 9.
Citations in this paragraph are from the interview with the Association of State Floodplain Managers, April 23, 2014 (skype interview).
- 10.
All interviews.
- 11.
Online broadcast available at: http://www.banking.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Hearings.Hearing&Hearing_ID=46b52a52-4d45-4c47-8ddc-de2f32cd348e [January 4, 2015].
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Bergsma, E. (2019). Policy Developments After Hurricane Katrina: A Case of Overcoming Uncertainty and Value Conflict. In: From Flood Safety to Spatial Management. Water Governance - Concepts, Methods, and Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96716-5_5
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