Abstract
Energy consumption is a significant issue for public transport providers, because of the relatively high mass of the vehicles and the huge amounts of energy used to overcome inertial forces. In city buses, the kinetic braking energy is usually transformed into waste heat. In this paper, we propose a system to enable the recovery of braking energy in city buses, using a Kinetic Energy Recuperation System (KERS). The main assumptions of the system were elaborated in a Matlab/Simulink model of city bus dynamics, based on the real driving cycles of buses in Lodz (Poland). The following components were modelled: the flywheel supported in an active magnetic bearing, two reverse electric motors, the high ratio gears and the control system. The main objective of the control system was to balance operation of the braking and drive systems with optimal usage of the flywheel system. The charging and discharging phases of the KERS were analysed, as well as the energy stored. Fuel consumption savings were calculated via a comparison with normal city bus driving cycles without KERS. This model could be a very useful tool for research into city bus dynamics with KERS systems, providing a wide range of operational parameters for city bus powertrains.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Medina, P., Bizuayehu, A.W., Catalao, J.P.S., Rodrigues, E.M.G., Contreras, J.: Electrical energy storage systems: technologies’ state-of-the-art, techno-economic benefits and applications analysis. In: Proceedings of the 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Waikoloa, HI, USA, 6–9 Jan 2014, pp. 2295–2304
Chen, H., Cong, T.N., Yang, W., Tan, C., Li, Y., Ding, Y.: Progress in electrical energy storage system: a critical review. Prog. Nat. Sci. 19, 291–312 (2009)
Hadjipaschalis, I., Poullikkas, A., Efthimiou, V.: Overview of current and future energy storage technologies for electric power applications. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 13, 1513–1522 (2009)
Esfahanian, M., et al.: Matlab-based modeling, simulation and design package for Eletric, Hydraulic and Flywheel hybrid powertrains of a city bus. Int. J. Automot. Technol. 15(6), 1001–1013 (2014)
D’Ovidio, G., Masciovecchio, C., Rotondale, N.: City bus powered by hydrogen fuel cell and flywheel energy storage system. In: Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC), 2014 IEEE International. IEEE (2014)
D’Ovidio, G., Masciovecchio, C., Rotondale, A.: Hydrogen fuel cell and kinetic energy recover systems technologies for powering urban bus with zero emission energy cycle. IET Intell. Transp. Syst. 10(9), 573–578 (2016)
Zieliński, P.: Design for Kinetic Energy Recuperation System for city buses. Master Thesis, Supervisor: Ph.D., Eng Jakub Łagodziński, Diploma Thesis defended at 09.2017 at Institute of Turbomachinery, Lodz University of Technology
Pałczyński, T.: Simplified model of city bus dynamics as a tool of an energy consumption estimation. In: Dynamical Systems Theory and Applications. Springer, Cham (2015)
https://motorscout.eunda.ch/ available at 1.09.2017
Soylu, S.: The effects of urban driving conditions on the operating characteristics of conventional and hybrid electric city buses. Appl. Energy 135, 472–482 (2014)
Taymaz, I., Benli, M.: Emissions and fuel economy for a hybrid vehicle. Fuel 115, 812–817 (2014)
Acknowledgements
This work was inspired by the master thesis of M.Sc. Eng Piotr Zieliński entitled “Design for Kinetic Energy Recuperation System for city buses”. The authors gratefully acknowledges the helpful comments and suggestions of the reviewers, which have improved the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pałczyński, T., Łagodziński, J. (2018). Model of Kinetic Energy Recuperation System for City Buses. In: Awrejcewicz, J. (eds) Dynamical Systems in Applications. DSTA 2017. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, vol 249. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96601-4_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96601-4_27
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-96600-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-96601-4
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)