Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Patterns of Evolution of Frontal Systems Along the South-Southeastern Brazilian Coast

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Climate Change in Santos Brazil: Projections, Impacts and Adaptation Options

Abstract

In this chapter, the meteorological characteristics of the South-Southeast Brazilian coast are analysed, in particular the frontal systems and their influence on ocean circulation and sea level. The analyses are based on meteorological fields (pressure, temperature and wind) and oceanic fields (ocean currents and sea level) calculated by the CFS-v2 – Climate Forecast System (version 2), as well as on the synoptic analyses of the (Brazilian) Center for Weather Forecasting and Climatic Studies/National Institute of Space Research (CPTEC/INPE). Regarding the temporal evolution of the meteorological and oceanographic variables, it was chosen the month of September 2009, which registered several frontal systems of great intensity.

The intensity, duration, and time interval between these events have seasonal and interannual variability, and can be predicted only a few days in advance. Sea surface currents in the coastal region between 23°S and 27°S are to the South with a low intensity before the fronts (typically 0.2 m/s) and are to the North and very intense after the passage of the frontal systems (maximum above 0.4 m/s); sea surface level at the coast may vary from −0.1 m before the passage of the fronts, exceeding +0.5 m after their passage.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Camargo, R. (2017). Oscilações do nível do mar no Oeste do Atlântico Sul geradas por sistemas meteorológicos de escala sinótica: uma abordagem numérica para a descrição de suas características. Associate Professor Dissertation, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas da Universidade de São Paulo, 85 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campos, R. M., Camargo, R., & Harari, J. (2010). Caracterização de eventos extremos do nível do mar em Santos e sua correspondência com as reanálises do modelo do NCEP no Sudoeste do Atlântico Sul. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, 25(2), 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-77862010000200003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cavalcanti, I. F. A., & Kousky, V. E. (2009). Frentes Frias sobre o Brasil. Capítulo 9 Tempo e Clima no Brasil. São Paulo: Editora Oficina de Textos ISBN 978-85-86238-92-5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cavalcanti, I. F. A., et al. (2009). Tempo e Clima no Brasil. São Paulo: Editora Oficina de Textos ISBN 978-85-86238-92-5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonnert, G., et al. (2001). Global storm surges. [S.l.]: [s.n.], 2001. 623 p. ISBN 3-8042-1054-6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kousky, V. E., & Elias, M. (1982). Meteorologia Sinótica: Parte I. São José dos Campos: INPE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues, M. L. G., Franco, D., & Sugahara, S. (2004). Climatologia de frentes frias no litoral de Santa Catarina. Revista Brasileira de Geofísica, 22(2) São Paulo. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-261X2004000200004

  • Saha, S., et al. (2011). Updated monthly. NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) selected hourly time-series products. Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.5065/D6N877VB. Accessed 06 Sept 2017.

  • Satyamurty, P., & Mattos, L. F. (1989). Climatological lower tropospheric frontogenesis in the midlatitudes due to horizontal deformation and divergence. MWR, 117(6), 1355–1364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seluchi, M. E., & Marengo, J. A. (2000). Tropical-midlatitude exchange of air masses during summer and winter in South America: Climatic aspects and examples of intense events. International Journal of Climatology, 20(10), 1167–1190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weisse, R. (2010). Marine climate and climate change: storms, wind waves and storm surges. [S.l.]: [s.n.]. 219 p.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Oceanography, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Joseph Harari

  2. Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Ricardo de Camargo

Authors
  1. Joseph Harari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ricardo de Camargo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joseph Harari .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Santos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Lucí Hidalgo Nunes

  2. Department of Geography, UNICAMP – Instituto de Geociências, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Roberto Greco

  3. National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    José A. Marengo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Harari, J., de Camargo, R. (2019). Patterns of Evolution of Frontal Systems Along the South-Southeastern Brazilian Coast. In: Nunes, L., Greco, R., Marengo, J. (eds) Climate Change in Santos Brazil: Projections, Impacts and Adaptation Options. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96535-2_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation