Abstract
This chapter studies the Three Level, Zero Voltage Switching, Pulse-Width-Modulated (TL-ZVS-PWM) dc–dc converter, which main attribute is that the maximum voltage across the switches is half of the input voltage. After the introduction of the power converter topology, qualitative analysis and description of operation, along with topological states for each time interval and relevant waveforms are presented. Then, quantitative analysis, focusing on static gain and soft-commutation are discussed. The necessary equations for the design of the parameters involved in the soft-commutation are obtained. Finally, numerical examples to illustrate the theoretical analysis, numerical simulations and proposed exercises with solutions are presented in the text.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- Vi:
-
Input DC voltage
- Vo:
-
Output DC voltage
- Po:
-
Output power
- Co:
-
Output filter capacitor
- Lo:
-
Output filter inductor
- Ro:
-
Output load resistor
- PWM:
-
Pulse width modulation
- ZVS:
-
Zero voltage switching
- q:
-
Static gain
- D:
-
Duty cycle
- Dnom:
-
Nominal duty cycle
- Def:
-
Effective duty cycle
- ∆D:
-
Duty cycle loss
- fs:
-
Switching frequency
- Ts:
-
Switching period
- td:
-
Dead time
- T:
-
Transformer
- n:
-
Transformer turns ratio
- \( {\text{v}}^{\prime}_{\text{o}} \) (\( {\text{V}}^{\prime}_{\text{o}} \)):
-
Output voltage referred to the transformer primary side and its average value
- io:
-
Output current
- \( {\text{I}}^{\prime}_{\text{o}} \) \( \left( {\overline{{{\text{I}}_{\text{o}}^{{\prime }} }} } \right) \) :
-
Average output current referred to the primary side and its normalized value
- \( {\text{I}}^{\prime}_{\text{o}} \) crit :
-
Critical average output current referred to the primary side
- S1, S2, S3 and S4:
-
Switches
- vg1, vg2, vg3 and vg4:
-
Switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 drive signals, respectively
- D1, D2, D3 and D4:
-
Diodes in anti-parallel to the switches (MOSFET—intrinsic diodes)
- DC1, DC2:
-
Clamping diodes
- C = C1 = C2 = C3 = C4:
-
Capacitors in parallel to the switches (MOSFET—intrinsic capacitors)
- Lr:
-
Resonant inductor
- Cr:
-
Resonant capacitor
- iLr peak:
-
Resonant inductor peak current
- vCr peak:
-
Resonant inductor peak voltage
- Lc:
-
Commutation inductor (may be the transformer leakage inductance or an additional inductor, if necessary)
- iLc:
-
Commutation inductor current
- ωo:
-
Resonant frequency
- vC1, vC2, vC3 and vC4:
-
Capacitors voltage
- vab:
-
Ac voltage, between points “a” and “b”
- vS1, vS2, vS3 and vS4:
-
Voltage across the switches
- iS1, iS2, iS3 and iS4:
-
Current in the switches
- iC1, iC2, iC3 and iC4:
-
Current in the capacitors
- ∆T:
-
Time interval in which vab = ±Vi
- ∆t2:
-
Time interval of the first and fourth step of operation in DCM
- ∆t10:
-
Time interval of the first step of operation in CCM (t1–t0)
- ∆t21:
-
Time interval of the second step of operation in CCM (t2–t1)
- ∆t32:
-
Time interval of the third step of operation in CCM (t3–t2)
- ∆t43:
-
Time interval of the fourth step of operation in CCM (t4–t3)
- ∆t54:
-
Time interval of the fifth step of operation in CCM (t5–t4)
- ∆t65:
-
Time interval of the sixth step of operation in CCM (t6–t5)
- ∆t76:
-
Time interval of the seventh step of operation in CCM (t7–t6)
- ∆t87:
-
Time interval of the eighth step of operation in CCM (t8–t7)
- IS14 RMS \( \left( {\overline{{{\text{I}}_{{{\text{S}}14\,{\text{RMS}}}} }} } \right) \):
-
Switches S1 and S4 RMS current and its normalized value
- IS23 RMS \( \left( {\overline{{{\text{I}}_{{{\text{S}}23\,{\text{RMS}}}} }} } \right) \):
-
Switches S2 and S3 RMS current and its normalized value
- ID1234 \( \left( {\overline{{{\text{I}}_{{{\text{D}}1 2 3 4}} }} } \right) \):
-
Diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 average current and its normalized value
- IDC12 \( \left( {\overline{{{\text{I}}_{\text{DC12}} }} } \right) \):
-
Clamping diodes average current and its normalized value
Reference
Pinheiro, J.R., Barbi, I.: The Three-Level ZVS-PWM DC-to-DC converter. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 8(4), 486–492 (1993)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Barbi, I., Pöttker, F. (2019). Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped ZVS-PWM Converter. In: Soft Commutation Isolated DC-DC Converters. Power Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96178-1_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96178-1_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-96177-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-96178-1
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)