Skip to main content

Cognitive Biases in Visual Analytics—A Critical Reflection

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Cognitive Biases in Visualizations

Abstract

Cognitive bias research is an interesting and challenging scientific area. Nevertheless, it is not entirely clear to what extent it is applicable to visual analytics. Visual analytics systems support reasoning processes in ill-structured domains with large amounts of data. It is difficult to apply cognitive bias research from laboratory studies based on a minimal amount of information to this area. In this chapter, an alternative approach for bias mitigation is suggested: providing context and activate background knowledge. Advantages and limitations of this approach are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Adderley R, Badii A, Wu C (2008) The automatic identification and prioritisation of criminal networks from police crime data. In: Ortiz-Arroyo D et al (eds) EuroISI. LNCS 5376, Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 5–14

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Dimara E, Bezerianos A, Dragicevic P (2017) Narratives in Crowdsourced evaluation of visualization: a double-edged sword? In: Proceedings of the ACM conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI), pp 5475–5484 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Doppler-Haider J, Seidler P, Pohl M, Kodagoda N, Adderley R, Wong BLW (2017) How analysts think: sense-making strategies in the analysis of temporal evolution and criminal network structures and activities. In Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society 61st annual meeting

    Google Scholar 

  4. Evans JStBT (2007) Hypothetical thinking. Dual processes in reasoning and judgement. Psychology Press, Hove and New York, USA

    Google Scholar 

  5. Eysenck MW, Keane MT (1990) Cognitive Psychology. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hove and London, Hillsdale

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fiedler K, von Sydow M (2015) Heuristics and biases: Beyond Tversky and Kahneman’s (1974) judgment under uncertainty. In: Eysenck MW, Groome D (eds) Cognitive psychology: revisiting the classic studies, Chap. 12. Sage Publications, pp 146–161

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gigerenzer G (2000) Adaptive thinking. Rationality in the real world. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York

    Google Scholar 

  8. Johnson-Laird P (2008) How we reason. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England

    Book  Google Scholar 

  9. Kahneman D (2012) Thinking fast and slow. Penguin Books, London, England

    Google Scholar 

  10. Klein G, Moon B, Hoffman RR (2006) Making sense of sensemaking 1: alternative perspectives. IEEE Intell Syst 21:70–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Klein G, Moon B, Hoffman RR (2006) Making sense of sensemaking 2: a macrocognitive model. IEEE Intell Syst 21:88–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kretz DR, Simpson B. J, Graham CJ (2012) A game-based experimental protocol for identifying and overcoming judgment biases in forensic decision analysis. In: 2012 IEEE conference on technologies for homeland security (HST), pp 439–444

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kretz DR, Granderson CW (2016) A cognitive forensic framework to study and mitigate human observer bias. In: 2016 IEEE symposium on technologies for homeland security (HST), pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  14. Norman G (2014) The bias in researching cognitive bias. Adv Health Sci Educ 2014(19):291–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Nussbaumer A, Verbert K, Hillemann E-C, Bedek M, Albert D (2016) A framework for cognitive bias detection and feedback in a visual analytics environment. In: 2016 Proceedings of the European intelligence and security informatics conference, pp 148–151

    Google Scholar 

  16. Sacha D, Senaratne H, Kwon BC, Ellis G, Keim D (2016) The role of uncertainty, awareness, and trust. in visual analytics. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 22(1):240–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Woll S (2012) Everyday thinking. memory, reasoning, and judgment in the real world. Psychology Press, New York, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The research reported in this paper has received funding from the European Union 7th Framework Programme FP7/2007–2013, through the VALCRI project under grant agreement no. FP7-IP-608142, awarded to B. L. William Wong, Middlesex University London, and Partners.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Margit Pohl .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pohl, M. (2018). Cognitive Biases in Visual Analytics—A Critical Reflection. In: Ellis, G. (eds) Cognitive Biases in Visualizations. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95831-6_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95831-6_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-95830-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-95831-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics