Abstract
This chapter explores the literature on innovation in tourism and related sectors, paying particular attention to the role of external knowledge in the innovation process. Influential conceptualisations of knowledge flows and innovation, notably absorptive capacity, are explored and a wide range of empirical evidence evaluated. This is followed by a brief review of mainstream theorising on public policy formation and a discussion of the factors influencing tourism policy chance. The chapter concludes by noting that universities do not feature prominently in most accounts of commercial innovation or policy change in tourism. Combined with other arguments developed in this book, it suggests that the potential for academic research to have a sustained—as opposed to sporadic—impact on innovation (and competitiveness) in tourism and other marginal sectors is very limited.
… but I think the majority of the work they (practitioners) were given they didn’t take away and utilise. Some did but the majority did not. And I’m not quite sure why … I think that might be the nature of tourism.
Research professor interviewed for this book
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abreu-Novais, M., Ruhanen, L., & Arcodia, C. (2015). Destination competitiveness: What we know, what we know but shouldn’t and what we don’t know but should. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(6), 492–512.
Airey, D., & Ruhanen, L. (2014). Tourism policy-making in Australia: A national and state perspective. Tourism Planning and Development, 11(2), 149–162.
Alsos, G. A., Eide, D., & Madsen, E. L. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of research on innovation in tourism industries (pp. 1–24). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California Management Review, 40, 39–58.
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1154–1184.
Anderson, N., Potocnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organisations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297–1333.
Arnaboldi, M., & Spiller, N. (2011). Actor-network theory and stakeholder collaboration: The case of Cultural Districts. Tourism Management, 32(3), 641–654.
Arta, M., & Acob, J. (2003). Innovation in the tourism sector: Results from a pilot study in the Balearic Islands. Tourism Economics, 9(3), 279–295.
Autio, E., Kenney, M., Mustar, P., Siegel, D., & Wright, M. (2014). Entrepreneurial innovation: The importance of context. Research Policy, 43, 1097–1108.
Baggio, R. & Cooper, C. (2010). Knowledge transfer in a tourism destination: The effect of a network structure. Service Industries Journal, 30(10), 1757–1771.
Beamish, G. (2005). How chief executives learn and what behaviour factors distinguish them from other people. Industrial and Commercial Training, 37(3), 138–144.
Beesley, L. (2005). The management of emotion in collaborative tourism research settings. Tourism Management, 26, 261–275.
Carlisle, S., Kunc, M., Jones, E., & Tiffin, S. (2013). Supporting innovation for tourism development through multi-stakeholder approaches: Experiences from Africa. Tourism Management, 35, 59–69.
Chang, S., Gong, Y., Way, S. A., & Jia, L. (2013). Flexibility-oriented HRM systems, absorptive capacity, and market responsiveness and firm innovativeness. Journal of Management, 39(7), 1924–1951.
Chen, W.-J. (2011). Innovation in hotel services: Culture and personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30, 64–72.
Chesbrough, H. W. (2003). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation.
Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128–152.
Connelly, S., Vanderhoven, D., Durose, C. Richardson, L., Mathews, P., & Rutherford, R. (2016). Translation across borders: Exploring the use, relevance and impact of academic research in the policy process. After urban regeneration: Communities, policy and place (pp. 181–198). Bristol: Policy Press.
Cooke, P., Asheim, B., Boschma, R., Martin, R., Schwartz, D., & Tödtling, F. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of regional innovation and growth. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Cooper, C. (2006). Knowledge management and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(1), 47–64.
Cross, R., Parker, A., Prusak, L., & Borgatti, S. P. (2001). Knowing what we know: Supporting knowledge creation and sharing in social networks. Organisational Dynamics, 30(2), 100–120.
Czernek, K. (2017). Tourism features as determinants of knowledge transfer in the process of tourist cooperation. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(2), 204–220.
Díaz-Chao, Á., Miralbell-Izard, O., & Torrent-Sellens, J. (2016). Information and communication technologies, innovation, and firm productivity in small and medium-sized travel agencies: New evidence from Spain. Journal of Travel Research, 55(7), 862–873.
Dredge, D. (2006). Policy networks and the local organisation of tourism. Tourism Management, 27, 269–280.
Dwyer, L., & Edwards, D. (2009). Tourism product and service innovation to avoid ‘strategic drift’. International Journal of Tourism Research, 11, 321–335.
Dwyer, L., Forsyth, P., & Spurr, R. (2016). Tourism economics and policy analysis: Contributions and legacy of the Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Centre. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 26, 91–99.
Easterby-Smith, M., Antonacopoulou, E., & Ferdinand, J. (2008). Absorptive capacity: A process perspective. Management Learning, 39(5), 483–501.
Estol, J., & Font, X. (2016). European tourism policy: Its evolution and structure. Tourism Management, 52, 230–241.
Ford, C. M. (1996). A theory of individual creative action in multiple social domains. Academy of Management Review, 21, 1112–1142.
Fosfuri, A., & Tribo, J. A. (2008). Exploring the antecedents of potential absorptive capacity and its impact on innovation performance. Omega, 36, 173–187.
Gallego, J., Rubalcaba, L., & Suarez, C. (2013). Knowledge for innovation in Europe: The role of external knowledge on firms’ cooperation strategies. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 2034–2041.
Garcia, F. A. (2014). A comparative study of the evolution of tourism policy in Spain and Portugal. Tourism Management Perspectives, 11, 34–50.
Garud, R., Gehman, J., & Guiliani, A. P. (2014). Contextualising entrepreneurial innovation: A narrative perspective. Research Policy, 43, 1177–1188.
Gunnlaugson, O. (2007). Shedding light on underlying forms of transformative learning theory. Journal of Transformative Education, 5(2), 134–151.
Halkier, H. (2014). Innovation and destination governance in Denmark: Tourism, policy networks and spatial development. European Planning Studies, 22(8), 1659–1670.
Hall, C. M. (2009). Innovation and tourism policy in Australia and New Zealand: Never the twain shall meet? Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 1(1), 2–18.
Hall, C. M. (2011). Publish and perish? Bibliometric analysis, journal ranking and the assessment of research quality in tourism. Tourism Management, 32(1), 16–27.
Hall, C. M., & Williams, A. M. (2008). Tourism and innovation. London: Routledge.
Hashim, K. F., & Tan, F. B. (2015). The mediating role of trust and commitment on members’ continuous knowledge sharing intention: A commitment-trust theory perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 35, 145–151.
Hertog, P. M., Gallouj, F., & Segers, J. (2011). Measuring innovation in a ‘low tech’ service industry: The case of the Dutch hospitality industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(9), 1429–1449.
Hjalager, A.-M. (2002). Repairing innovation defectiveness in tourism. Tourism Management, 23(5), 465–474.
Hjalager, A.-M. (2010). A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism Management, 31, 1–12.
Hjalager, A.-M. (2015). 100 innovations that transformed tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 54(1), 3–21.
Hjalager, A.-M., & Flagestad, A. (2012). Innovations in well-being tourism in the Nordic countries. Current Issues in Tourism, 15(8), 725–740.
Hoarau, H., & Kline, C. (2014). Science and industry: Sharing knowledge for innovation. Annals of Tourism Research, 46, 44–61.
Inkpen, A. C., & Tsang, E. W. K. (2005). Social capital, networks and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 146–165.
Jacob, M., Florido, C., & Payeras, M. (2014). Knowledge production in two mature destinations. Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 280–284.
John, P. (2012). Analysing public policy (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
Kallmuenzer, A., & Peters, M. (2018). Innovativeness and control mechanisms in tourism and hospitality family firms: A comparative study. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 70, 66–74.
Kanter, R. M. (1983). The change masters. London: Unwin.
Kelliher, F., & Reinl, L. (2011). From facilitated to independent tourism learning networks: Connecting the dots. Tourism Planning and Development, 8(2), 185–197.
Kianto, A., Saenz, J., & Aramburu, N. (2017). Knowledge-based human resource management practices, intellectual capital and innovation. Journal of Business Research, 81, 11–20.
King, B. E., Breen, J., & Whitelaw, P. A. (2014). Hungry for growth? Small and medium-sized tourism enterprise (SMTE) business ambitions, knowledge acquisition and industry engagement. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16(3), 272–281.
Komppula, R. (2014). The role of individual entrepreneurs in the development of competitiveness for a rural tourism destination—A case study. Tourism Management, 40, 361–371.
Lane, P. J., Koka, B. R., & Pathak, S. (2006). The reification of absorptive capacity: A critical review and rejuvenation of the construct. Academy of Management Review, 31(4), 833–863.
Laursen, K., & Salter, A. J. (2014). The paradox of openness: Appropriability, external search and collaboration. Research Policy, 43, 867–878.
Li, Y., Wood, E., & Thomas, R. (2017). Innovation implementation: Harmony and conflict in Chinese modern music festivals. Tourism Management, 63, 87–99.
Lingard, B. (2013). The impact of research on education policy in an era of evidence-based policy. Critical Studies in Education, 54(2), 113–131.
Lopez-Vega, H., Tell, F., & Vanhaverbeke, W. (2016). Where and how to search? Search paths in open innovation. Research Policy, 45, 125–136.
Martinez-Roman, J. A., Tamayo, J. A., Gamero, J., & Romero, J. E. (2015). Innovativeness and business performances in tourism SMEs. Annals of Tourism Research, 54, 118–135.
McCabe, V. (2009). ‘Butterflying’ career patterns in the convention and exhibition industry: A research perspective. In T. Baum, M. Deery, C. Hanlon, L. Lockstone, & K. Smith (Eds.), People and work in events and conventions (pp. 51–64). Wallingford: CABI.
Mellon, V., & Bramwell, B. (2016). Protected area policies and sustainable tourism: Influences, relationships and co-evolution. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(10), 1369–1386.
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions of adult learning. San Francisco: Josey-Bass Publishers.
Mezirow, J. (2000). Learning to think like an adult: Core concepts of transformation theory. In J. Mezirow (Ed.), Learning as transformation: Critical perspectives on a theory in progress (pp. 3–33). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Mezirow, J. (2003). Transformative learning as discourse. Journal of Transformative Education, 1(1), 58–63.
Mezirow, J. (2009). Transformative learning theory. In J. Mezirow & W. Taylor (Eds.), Transformative learning in practice: Insights from community, workplace and higher education (pp. 18–32). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Mina, A., Bascavusoglu-Moreau, E., & Hughes, A. (2014). Open service innovation and the firm’s search for external knowledge. Research Policy, 43, 853–866.
Moon, J. J. A. (2002). Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. London: Kogan Page.
Najda-Janoszka, M., & Kopera, S. (2014). Exploring barriers to innovation in tourism industry—The case of southern region of Poland. Procedia—Social and Behavioural Sciences, 110, 190–201.
Nieves, J., & Segarra-Cipres, M. (2015). Management innovation in the hotel industry. Tourism Management, 46, 51–58.
Orfila-Sintes, F., Crespi-Cladera, R., & Martinez-Ros, E. (2005). Innovation activity in the hotel industry: Evidence from the Balearic Islands. Tourism Management, 26, 851–865.
Ottenbacher, M. C. (2007). Innovation management in the hospitality industry: Different strategies for achieving success. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 31(4), 431–454.
Pastras, P., & Bramwell, B. (2013). A strategic-relational approach to tourism policy. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 390–414.
Pittaway, L., Robertson, M., Munir, K., Denyer, D., & Neely, N. (2004). Networking and innovation in the UK: A systematic review of the literature. London: AIM.
Presenza, A., & Cipollina, M. (2010). Analysing tourism stakeholder networks. Tourism Review., 65(4), 17–30.
Pyo, S. (2011). Identifying and prioritizing destination knowledge needs. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 1156–1175.
Reinl, L., & Kelliher, F. (2010). Cooperative micro-firm strategies: Leveraging resources through learning networks. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 11(2), 141–150.
Reinl, L., & Kelliher, F. (2014). The social dynamics of micro-firm learning in an evolving learning community. Tourism Management, 40, 117–125.
Ritala, P., Olander, H., Michailova, S., & Husted, K. (2015). Knowledge sharing, knowledge leaking and relative innovation performance: An empirical study. Technovation, 35, 22–31.
Rodríguez, I., Williams, A. M., & Hall, C. M. (2014). Tourism innovation policy: Implementation and outcomes. Annals of Tourism Research, 49, 76–93.
Rogers, T. (2013). Conferences and conventions: A global industry. London: Routledge.
Ryu, H.-S., & Lee, J.-N. (2016). Innovation patterns and their effects on firm performance. Service Industries Journal, 36(3–4), 81–101.
Saito, H., & Ruhanen, L. (2017). Power in tourism stakeholder collaborations: Power types and power holders. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 31, 189–196.
Santa, E. D. (2015). The Evolution of Philippine Tourism Policy Implementation from 1973 to 2009. Tourism Planning and Development, 12(2), 155–175.
Scott, N., & Ding, P. (2008). Management of tourism research knowledge in Australia and China. Current Issues in Tourism, 11(6), 514–528.
Scott, N., Baggio, R., & Cooper, C. (2008). Network analysis and tourism: From theory to practice. Clevedon: Channel View Publications.
Shaw, G. (2015). Tourism networks, knowledge dynamics and co-creation. In M. McLeod & R. Vaughan (Eds.), Knowledge networks and tourism (pp. 45–61). London: Routledge.
Shaw, G., & Williams, A. (2009). Knowledge transfer and management in tourism organisations: An emerging research agenda. Tourism Management, 30(3), 325–335.
Sherlock, J. J., & Nathan, M. L. (2008). How power dynamics impact the content and process of nonprofit CEO learning. Management Learning, 39(3), 245–269.
Smith, M., Busi, N., Ball, P., & Van der Meer, R. (2008). Factors influencing an organisation’s ability to manage innovation: A structured literature review and conceptual model. International Journal of Innovation Management, 12(4), 655–676.
Sorensen, F. (2007). The geographies of social networks and innovation in tourism. Tourism Geographies, 9(1), 22–48.
Stahl, G. K., Maznevski, M. L., Voigt, A., & Jonsen, K. (2009). Unravelling the effects of cultural diversity in teams: A meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. Journal of International Business Studies, 41, 690–709.
Tejada, P., & Moreno, P. (2013). Patterns of innovation in tourism ‘small and medium sized enterprises’. The Service Industries Journal, 33(7–8), 749–758.
Thomas, H. (2010). Knowing the city: Local coalitions, knowledge and research. In C. Allen & R. Imrie (Eds.), The knowledge business (pp. 77–92). Farnham: Ashgate.
Thomas, R. (2007). Tourism partnerships and small firms: Power, participation and partition. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(1), 37–44.
Thomas, R. (2012). Business elites, universities and knowledge transfer in tourism. Tourism Management, 33(3), 553–561.
Thomas, R., & Thomas, H. (2005). Understanding tourism policy-making in urban areas, with particular reference to small firms. Tourism Geographies, 7(2), 121–137.
Thomas, R., & Wood, E. (2014). Innovation in tourism: Re-conceptualising and measuring the absorptive capacity of the hotel sector. Tourism Management, 45, 39–48.
Thomas, R., & Wood, E. (2015). The absorptive capacity of tourism organisations. Annals of Tourism Research, 54, 84–99.
Thomas, R., Shaw, G., & Page, S. J. (2011). Understanding small firms in tourism: A perspective on research trends and challenges. Tourism Management, 32(5), 963–976.
Truong, V. D. (2013). Tourism policy development in Vietnam: A pro-poor perspective. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 5(1), 28–45.
Unsworth, K. L., & Clegg, C. W. (2010). Why do employees undertake creative action? Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83, 77–99.
Van de Ven, A. H., Polley, D. E., Garud, R., & Venkataraman, S. (2008). The innovation journey. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Vega-Jurado, J., Gutierrez-Garcia, A., Fernandez-de-Lucio, I., & Manjarres-Henriquez, L. (2008). Analysing the determinants of a firm’s absorptive capacity: Beyond R&D. R&D Management, 38(4), 392–405.
Vega-Jurado, J., Gutierrez-Garcia, A., & Fernandez-de-Lucio, I. (2009). Does external knowledge sourcing matter for innovation? Evidence from the Spanish manufacturing industry. Industrial and Corporate Change, 18(4), 637–670.
Volgger, M., & Pechlaner, H. (2014). Requirements for destination management organizations in destination governance: Understanding DMO success. Tourism Management, 41, 64–75.
Wang, M.-C., Chen, P.-C., & Fang, S.-C. (2018). A critical view of knowledge networks and innovation performance: The mediation role of firms’ knowledge integration capability. Journal of Business Research, 88, 222–233.
Weber, K., & Ladkin, A. (2009). Career anchors of convention and exhibition industry professionals in Asia. Journal of Convention and Event Tourism, 10, 243–255.
Weidenfeld, A., Williams, A. M., & Butler, R. W. (2010). Knowledge transfer and innovation among attractions. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(3), 604–626.
West, J., Salter, A., Vanhaverbeke, W., & Chesbrough, H. (2014). Open innovation: The next decade. Research Policy, 43, 805–811.
Williams, A. M., & Shaw, G. (2011). Internationalization and innovation in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(1), 27–51.
Xiao, H., & Smith, S. L. J. (2006). The use of tourism knowledge: Research propositions. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(2), 310–331.
Xiao, H., & Smith, S. L. J. (2007). The use of tourism knowledge: Research propositions. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(2), 310–331.
Xiao, H., & Smith, S. L. J. (2009). Knowledge impact: An appraisal of tourism scholarship. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(1), 62–83.
Zach, F. J., & Hill, T. L. (2017). Network, knowledge and relationship impacts on innovation in tourism destinations. Tourism Management, 62, 196–207.
Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185–203.
Zheng, Y., & Yang, H. (2015). Does familiarity foster innovation? The impact of alliance partner repeatedness on breakthrough innovations. Journal of Management Studies, 52(2), 213–230.
Zhou, J., & Shalley, C. E. (2010). Deepening our understanding of creativity in the workplace: A review of different approaches to creativity research. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 275–302). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thomas, R. (2018). Knowledge Flows and Innovation in Marginal Sectors: Do Universities Matter?. In: Questioning the Assessment of Research Impact. Palgrave Critical University Studies. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95723-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95723-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Pivot, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-95722-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-95723-4
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)