Abstract
The emergence of the ICC is puzzling. Empirically, the ICC distinguishes from other institutions by establishing independent judicial capacity that challenges the principle of state sovereignty. Theoretically, since it was opposed by the USA and does not generate direct benefits, traditional explanations for cooperation fail to explain its design. The introduction describes the negotiation process of the Rome Statute and discusses the ICC’s jurisdiction and main points of critique to the Court, followed by a short overview to the EU’s campaign for the ICC and the theoretical concept of normative binding. The pros and cons of the ratification of the Rome Statute are examined before moving to the so-called Obama effect, namely the turn in the US policy toward positive cooperation with the ICC, which together with the EU’s campaign for the ICC provides an explanation for late ratifications of the Rome Statute. The introduction concludes with the research design of the book.
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Notes
- 1.
States joining the ICC have the possibility to opt out from jurisdiction for war crimes for seven years and can ratify amendments on the crime of aggression and of Art. 8 and Art. 124 of the Rome Statute.
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The Rome Statute also includes, among others, the following central principles of international criminal law: ne bis in idem (the prohibition of double jeopardy, Art. 20 of the Rome Statute); nullum crimen sine lege, nulla poena sine lege (no crime and no punishment without encoded law at the time of the offence, Art. 22–23 of the Rome Statute); and aut dedere aut judicare (either extradite or prosecute, Schabas 2011, 131)
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Huikuri, S. (2019). Introduction. In: The Institutionalization of the International Criminal Court. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95585-8_1
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