Abstract
We firstly introduce the physical quantities that are used to describe the characteristics of the radiation fields and the characteristics of irradiated materials relative to their interactions with ionizing radiations.
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In the next definitions, we will use differential notation because every definition must be applied, even in case of nonuniform radiation fields, where fluence varies from point to point. Because of the statistical nature of the radiation fields, the variables they are dealing with are always random. The number of particles N is also random, whose differential dN is meant as the differential of the expected average number of particles.
Further Reading
Bailey DL, Humm JL, Todd-Pokropek A, van Aswegeb A. Nuclear medicine physics: a handbook for teachers and students. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency; 2016.
Cantone MC, Hoeschen C, editors. Radiation physics for nuclear medicine. Berlin: Springer; 2011.
Cherry SR, Soreson JA, Phelps ME, editors. Physics in nuclear medicine. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders (Elsevier); 2003.
Knoll GF, editor. Radiation detection and measurement. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2000.
Volterrani D, Erba PA, Mariani G, editors. Fondamenti di medicina nucleare – tecniche e applicazioni. Milan: Springer Italy; 2010.
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Fantacci, M.E. (2019). Methods and Instrumentation for Measuring Radioactivity. In: Volterrani, D., Erba, P.A., Carrió, I., Strauss, H.W., Mariani, G. (eds) Nuclear Medicine Textbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95564-3_5
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