Abstract
This chapter presents the structure of the global network itself as well as the rules, norms, and practices associated with openness and abundance in the global knowledge-creating process. The creation of scientific knowledge includes not just tangible or codified output but also new practices and even new belief systems. The rules, norms, and practices are adapting to the changing system, but some aspects of knowledge remain the same and cannot or will not change: this includes the amount of time needed to master a body of scientific work. The rules for managing networked systems differ from those that applied under national, political systems and conditions of scarcity; we will unpack these rules in this chapter.
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Notes
- 1.
The count is shown using both fractional (each address gets a percentage share) and integer (each country gets a count of one) counting for 2011.
- 2.
Personal interview, July 9, 2013.
- 3.
This historic role of networking in science was the theme of my book, The New Invisible College: Science for Development, Brookings, 2008.
- 4.
Wagner, C. S., Wong, S. K. “Unseen science? Representation of BRICs in global science.” Scientometrics, 2012. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/sl111192-011-0481-z.
- 5.
In P&T decision-making, the journal impact factor becomes important. The JIF is calculated. The impact factor is a measure of the frequency with which the average article in a journal has been cited in a particular year. The JCR also lists journals and their impact factors and ranking in the context of their specific field(s).
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Wagner, C. S. (2009). The New Invisible College: Science for Development. Washington, DC: Brookings Press.
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Wagner, C.S. (2018). The Global Network of Science Emerges. In: The Collaborative Era in Science. Palgrave Advances in the Economics of Innovation and Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94986-4_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94986-4_5
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