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Genomic-Assisted Enhancement in Stress Tolerance for Productivity Improvement in Sorghum

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Biotechnologies of Crop Improvement, Volume 3

Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], the fifth most important cereal crop in the world after wheat, rice, maize, and barley, is a multipurpose crop widely grown for food, feed, fodder, forage, and fuel, vital to the food security of many of the world’s poorest people living in fragile agroecological zones. Globally, sorghum is grown on ~42 million hectares area in ~100 countries of Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas. Sorghum grain is used mostly as food (~55%), in the form of flat breads and porridges in Asia and Africa, and as feed (~33%) in the Americas. Stover of sorghum is an increasingly important source of dry season fodder for livestock, especially in South Asia. In India, area under sorghum cultivation has been drastically come down to less than one third in the last six decades but with a limited reduction in total production suggesting the high-yield potential of this crop. Sorghum productivity is far lower compared to its genetic potential owing to a limited exploitation of genetic and genomic resources developed in the recent past. Sorghum production is challenged by various abiotic and biotic stresses leading to a significant reduction in yield. Advances in modern genetics and genomics resources and tools could potentially help to further strengthen sorghum production by accelerating the rate of genetic gains and expediting the breeding cycle to develop cultivars with enhanced yield stability under stress. This chapter reviews the advances made in generating the genetic and genomics resources in sorghum and their interventions in improving the yield stability under abiotic and biotic stresses to improve the productivity of this climate-smart cereal.

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Acknowledgment

The authors greatly acknowledge the funding support from Newton fund (DBT-India and BBSRC, UK) for CINTRIN (Cambridge-India Network for Translational Research in Nitrogen) (#BT/IN/UK-VNC/42/RG/2015-16) to RG, KKR, and SD.

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  1. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India

    Kirandeep K. Romana, Girish Chander, Santosh Deshpande & Rajeev Gupta

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  1. Kirandeep K. Romana
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  2. Girish Chander
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  3. Santosh Deshpande
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  4. Rajeev Gupta
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Correspondence to Santosh Deshpande or Rajeev Gupta .

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  1. School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Satbir Singh Gosal

  2. Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Shabir Hussain Wani

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Romana, K.K., Chander, G., Deshpande, S., Gupta, R. (2018). Genomic-Assisted Enhancement in Stress Tolerance for Productivity Improvement in Sorghum. In: Gosal, S., Wani, S. (eds) Biotechnologies of Crop Improvement, Volume 3. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94746-4_12

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