Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Quality of Healthcare: A Review of the Impact of the Hospital Physical Environment on Improving Quality of Care

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Sustainable Building for a Cleaner Environment

Part of the book series: Innovative Renewable Energy ((INREE))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. James BC (1989) Quality management for healthcare delivery. Research and Educational Trust, Chicago. ISBN 0-87258-537-9

    Google Scholar 

  2. Brook RH, McGlynn EA, Cleary PD (1996) Measuring quality of care. J Med 335:966–970. S 1996. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199609263351311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Huiman ERCM, Morales E, van Hoof J, Kort HSM (2012) Healing environment: a review of the impact of physical environmental factors on users. Build Environ 58:70–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Moss F (1995) Risk management and quality of care. Qual Health Care 4:102–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Florence Nightingale’s Rose Diagram (1858–January 1859)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2004) Keeping patients safe: transforming the work environment of nurses. National Academy Press, Washington, DC Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2001) Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. National Academy Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  7. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (2002) Health care at the crossroad: strategies for addressing the evolving nursing crisis. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, Oakbrook Terrace

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ulrich RS, Quan X, Zimring C, Joseph A, Choudhary R (2004) The role of the physical environment in the hospital of 21st century: a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Center for Health Design, Concord

    Google Scholar 

  9. Campbell SM, Roland MO, Buetow SA (2000) Defining quality of care. Soc Sci Med 51:1611–1625

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. WHO Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference. New York, 19–22 June 1946/1948; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 states (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948

    Google Scholar 

  11. Alberti C, Bouakline A, Ribaud P, Lacroix C, Rousselot P, Leblanc T et al (2001) Relationship between environmental fungal contamination and the incidence of invasive aspergillosis in haematology patients. J Hosp Infect 48(3):198–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chang VT, Nelson K (2000) The role of physical proximity in nosocomial diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 31(3):717–722

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. McManus AT, Mason AD Jr, McManus WF, Pruitt BA Jr (1992) Control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in burned patients. Surg Res Commun 12(1):61–67

    Google Scholar 

  14. Skoutelis AT, Westenfelder GO, Beckerdite M, Phair JP (1994) Hospital carpeting and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile. Am J Infect Control 22(4):212–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Archibald LK, Manning ML, Bell LM, Banerjee S, Jarvis WR (1997) Patient density, nurseto-patient ratio and nosocomial infection risk in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit. Pediatr Infect Dis J 16(11):1045–1048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ben-Abraham R, Keller N, Szold O, Vardi A, Weinberg M, Barzilay Z et al (2002) Do isolation rooms reduce the rate of nosocomial infections in the pediatric intensive care unit? J Crit Care 17(3):176–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Birdsong C, Leibrock C (1990) Patient-centered design. Health Forum J 33(3):40–45. Joseph A (2006) The impact of the environment on infections in healthcare facilities. The Centre for Health Design, Concord

    Google Scholar 

  18. Boyce JM, Potter-Bynoe G, Chenevert C, King T (1997) Environmental contamination due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: possible infection control implications. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 18(9):622–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Chaudhury H, Mahmood A, Valente M (2003) Pilot study on comparative assessment of patient care issues in single and multiple occupancy rooms (Unpublished report): the Coalition for Health Environments Research

    Google Scholar 

  20. Cohen L (2003) Computer keyboards and faucet handles as reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens in the intensive care unit. Am J Infect Control 28(6):465–471

    Google Scholar 

  21. Devine J, Cooke RP, Wright EP (2001) Is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contamination of ward-based computer terminals a surrogate marker for nosocomial MRSA transmission and handwashing compliance? J Hosp Infect 48(1):72–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Dharan S, Pittet D (2002) Environmental controls in operating theatres. J Hosp Infect 51(2):79–84. 30 30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Larson E, McGeer A, Quraishi ZA, Krenzischek D, Parsons BJ, Holford J et al (1991) Effect of an automated sink on handwashing practices and attitudes in high-risk units. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 12(7):422–428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Farquharson C, Baguley K (2003) Responding to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak: lessons learned in a Toronto emergency department. J Emerg Nurs 29(3):222–228

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Arlet G, Gluckman E, Gerber F, Perol Y, Hirsch A (1989) Measurement of bacterial and fungal air counts in two bone marrow transplant units. J Hosp Infect 13(1):63–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Aygun G, Demirkiran O, Utku T, Mete B, Urkmez S, Yilmaz M et al (2002) Environmental contamination during a carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in an intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 52(4):259–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Noskin GA, Bednarz P, Suriano T, Reiner S, Peterson L (2000) Persistent contamination of fabric covered furniture by vancomycin-resistant enterocci: implication for upholstery selection in hospitals. Am J Infect Control 28(4):311–313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Gardner PS, Court SD, Brocklebank JT, Downham MA, Weightman D (1973) Virus crossinfection in paediatric wards. Br Med J 2(5866):571–575

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Goldmann DA, Durbin WA Jr, and Freeman J (1981) Nosocomial infections in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Infect Dis 144(5):449–459 Gotlieb JB (2000) Understanding the effects of nurses, patients’ hospital rooms, and patients’ perception of control in the perceived quality of a hospital. Health Mark Q 18(1/2):1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Smedbold H, Ahlen C, Nilsen A, Norbäck D, Hilt B (2002) Relationships between indoor environments and nasal inflammation in nursing personnel. Arch Environ Health 57(2):155–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Humphreys H, Johnson EM, Warnock DW, Willatts SM, Winter RJ, Speller DC (1991) An outbreak of aspergillosis in a general ITU. J Hosp Infect 18(3):167–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Iwen PC, Davis JC, Reed EC, Winfield BA, Hinrichs SH (1994) Airborne fungal spore monitoring in a protective environment during hospital construction, and correlation with an outbreak of invasive aspergillosis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 15(5):303–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Jernigan JA, Titus MG, Groschel DH, Getchell-White S, Farr BM (1996) Effectiveness of contact isolation during a hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Epidemiol 143(5):496–504

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Kromhout H, Hoek F, Uitterhoeve R, Huijbers R, Overmars RF, Anzion R et al (2000) Postulating a dermal pathway for exposure to anti-neoplastic drugs among hospital workers: applying a conceptual model to the results of three workplace surveys. Ann Occup Hyg 44(7):551–560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Kumari DN, Haji TC, Keer V, Hawkey PM, Duncanson V, Flower E (1998) Ventilation grilles as a potential source of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus causing an outbreak in an orthopaedic ward at a district general hospital. J Hosp Infect 39(2):127–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Sehulster L, Chinn RY (2003) Guidelines for environmental infection control in healthcare facilities. Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR Recommend Rep 52(RR-10):1–42

    Google Scholar 

  37. Loo VG, Bertrand C, Dixon C, Vitye D, DeSalis B, McLean AP et al (1996) Control of construction-associated nosocomial aspergillosis in an antiquated hematology unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 17(6):360–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Lutz BDJ, Rinaldi J, Wickes MG, Huycke BL, Mark M (2003) Outbreak of invasive Aspergillus infection in surgical patients, associated with a contaminated air-handling system. Clin Infect Dis 37(6):786–793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Mahieu LM, De Dooy JJ, Van Laer FA, Jansens H, Ieven MM (2000) A prospective study on factors influencing aspergillus spore load in the air during renovation works in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 45(3):191–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. McDonald LC, Walker M, Carson L, Arduino M, Aguero SM, Gomez P et al (1998) Outbreak of Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infections in a nursery associated with contaminated aerosols and air conditioners. Pediatr Infect Dis J 17(8):716–722

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. McKendrick GD, Emond RT (1976) Investigation of cross-infection in isolation wards of different design. J Hyg (Lond) 76(1):23–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. McManus AT, Mason AD Jr, McManus WF, Pruitt BA Jr (1994) A decade of reduced gram-negative infections and mortality associated with improved isolation of burned patients. Arch Surg 129(12):1306–1309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. McManus AT, McManus WF, Mason AD Jr, Aitcheson AR, Pruitt BA Jr (1985) Microbial colonization in a new intensive care burn unit. A prospective cohort study. Arch Surg 120(2):217–223. 33 33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Neely AN, Maley MP (2001) Dealing with contaminated computer keyboards and microbial survival. Am J Infect Control 29(2):131–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Opal SM, Asp AA, Cannady PB Jr, Morse PL, Burton LJ, Hammer PG (1986) Efficacy of infection control measures during a nosocomial outbreak of disseminated aspergillosis associated with hospital construction. J Infect Dis 153(3):634–637

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Oren I, Haddad N, Finkelstein R, Rowe JM (2001) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients during hospital construction: before and after chemoprophylaxis and institution of HEPA filters. Am J Hematol 66(4):257–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Panagopoulou P, Filioti J, Petrikkos G, Giakouppi P, Anatoliotaki M, Farmaki E et al (2002) Environmental surveillance of filamentous fungi in three tertiary care hospitals in Greece. J Hosp Infect 52(3):185–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Palmer R (1999) Bacterial contamination of curtains in clinical areas. Nurs Stand 14(2):33–35. Parsons R, Hartig T (2000) Environmental psychophysiology. Cambridge University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  49. Passweg JR, Rowlings PA, Atkinson KA, Barrett AJ, Gale RP, Gratwohl A et al (1998) Influence of protective isolation on outcome of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 21(12):1231–1238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Pegues DA, Woernle CH (1993) An outbreak of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in a nursing home. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 14(2):87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Preston GA, Larson EL, Stamm WE (1981) The effect of private isolation rooms on patient care practices, colonization and infection in an intensive care unit. Am J Med 70(3):641–645

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Palmer R (1999) Bacterial contamination of curtains in clinical areas. Nurs Stand 14(2):33–35

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  53. Anderson RL, Mackel DC, Stoler BS, Mallison GF (1982) Carpeting in hospitals: an epidemiological evaluation. J Clin Microbiol 15(3):408–415

    Google Scholar 

  54. Roberts SA, Findlay R, Lang SD (2001) Investigation of an outbreak of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care burns unit. J Hosp Infect 48(3):228–232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Rountree PM, Beard MA, Loewenthal J, May J, Renwick SB (1967) Staphylococcal sepsis in a new surgical ward. Br Med J 1(533):132–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Shepley MM, Wilson P (1999) Designing for persons with AIDS: a post-occupancy study at the Bailey-Boushay House. J Architect Plann Res 16(1):17–32

    Google Scholar 

  57. Sherertz RJ, Sullivan ML (1985) An outbreak of infections with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in burn patients: contamination of patients' mattresses. J Infect Dis 151(2):252–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Shirani KZ, McManus AT, Vaughan GM, McManus WF, Pruitt BA Jr, Mason AD Jr (1986) Effects of environment on infection in burn patients. Arch Surg 121(1):31–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Thompson JT, Meredith JW, Molnar JA (2002) The effect of burn nursing units on burn wound infections. J Burn Care Rehabil 23(4):281–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Williams HN, Singh R, Romberg E (2003) Surface contamination in the dental operatory: a comparison over two decades. J Am Dent Assoc 134(3):325–330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Yinnon AM, Ilan Y, Tadmor B, Altarescu G, Hershko C (1992) Quality of sleep in the medical department. Br J Clin Pract 46(2):88–91

    Google Scholar 

  62. Hamilton K (2003) The four levels of evidence based practice. Healthc Des 3:18–26. Environmental quality and healing environments: a study of flooring materials in a healthcare telemetry unit. Doctoral dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station

    Google Scholar 

  63. Albert RK, Condie F (1981) Hand-washing patterns in medical intensive-care units. N Engl J Med 304(24):1465–1466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Diette GB, Lechtzin N, Haponik E, Devrotes A, and Rubin HR (2003) Distraction therapy with nature sights and sounds reduces pain during flexible bronchoscopya: a complementary approach to routine analgesia. Chest 123(3):941–948. Dorsey ST, Cydulka RK, Emerman CL (1996) Is handwashing teachable? Failure to improve handwashing behavior in an urban emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 3(4):360–365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Cohen B, Saiman L, Cimiotti J, Larson E (2003) Factors associated with hand hygiene practices in two neonatal intensive care units. Pediatr Infect Dis J 22(6):494–499

    Google Scholar 

  66. Conly JM, Hill S, Ross J, Lertzman J, Louie TJ (1989) Handwashing practices in an intensive care unit: the effects of an educational program and its relationship to infection rates. Am J Infect Control 17(6):330–339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Dubbert PM, Dolce J, Richter W, Miller M, Chapman SW (1990) Increasing ICU staff handwashing: effects of education and group feedback. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 11(4):191–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Graham M (1990) Frequency and duration of handwashing in an intensive care unit. Am J Infect Control 18(2):77–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Larson E (1988) A causal link between handwashing and risk of infection? Examination of the evidence. Infect Control 9(1):28–36

    Google Scholar 

  70. Larson EL, Bryan JL, Adler LM, Blane C (1997) A multifaceted approach to changing handwashing behavior. Am J Infect Control 25(1):3–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Muto CA, Sistrom MG, Farr BM (2000) Hand hygiene rates unaffected by installation of dispensers of a rapidly acting hand antiseptic. Am J Infect Control 28(3):273–276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Pittet D, Hugonnet S, Harbarth S, Mourouga P, Sauvan V, Touveneau S et al (2000) Effectiveness of a hospital-wide programme to improve compliance with hand hygiene. Lancet 356(9238):1307–1312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Vernon MO, Trick WE, Welbel SF, Peterson BJ, Weinstein RA (2003) Adherence with hand hygiene: does number of sinks matter? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24(3):224–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Friberg S, Ardnor B, Lundholm R (2003) The addition of a mobile ultra-clean exponential laminar airflow screen to conventional operating room ventilation reduces bacterial contamination to operating box levels. J Hosp Infect 55(2):92–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Gabor JY, Cooper AB, Crombach SA, Lee B, Kadikar N, Bettger HE et al (2003) Contribution of the intensive care unit environment to sleep disruption in mechanically ventilated patients and healthy subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167(5):708–715

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Cornet M, Levy V, Fleury L, Lortholary J, Barquins S, Coureul MH et al (1999) Efficacy of prevention by high-efficiency particulate air filtration or laminar airflow against Aspergillus airborne contamination during hospital renovation. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20(7):508–513

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Hahn T, Cummings KM, Michalek AM, Lipman BJ, Segal BH, McCarthy PL Jr (2002) Efficacy of high-efficiency particulate air filtration in preventing aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 23:525–531

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Bauer TM, Ofner E, Just HM, Just H, Daschner FD (1990) An epidemiological study assessing the relative importance of airborne and direct contact transmission of microorganisms in a medical intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 15(4):301–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Jiang S, Huang L, Chen X, Wang J, Wu W, Yin S et al (2003) Ventilation of wards and nosocomial outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers. Chin Med J 116(9):1293–1297

    Google Scholar 

  80. Menzies D, Fanning A, Yuan L, FitzGerald JM (2000) Hospital ventilation and risk for tuberculosis infection in Canadian health care workers. Ann Intern Med 133(10):779–789

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Meyer TJ, Eveloff SE, Bauer MS, Schwartz WA, Hill NS, Millman RP (1994) Adverse environmental conditions in the respiratory and medical ICU settings. Chest 105(4):1211–1216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Mulin B, Rouget C, Clement C, Bailly P, Julliot MC, Viel JF et al (1997) Association of private isolation rooms with ventilator-associated Acinetobacter baumanii pneumonia in a surgical intensive-care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 18(7):499–503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Moore MMN, Nguyen SP, Robinson D, Ryals SP, Imbrie B, Spotnitz JZ, William (1998) Interventions to reduce decibel levels on patient care units. Am Surg 64(9):894

    Google Scholar 

  84. Sherertz RJ, Belani A, Kramer BS, Elfenbein GJ, Weiner RS, Sullivan ML et al (1987) Impact of air filtration on nosocomial Aspergillus infections: unique risk of bone marrow transplant recipients. Am J Med 83(4):709–718

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Slevin M, Farrington N, Duffy G, Daly L, Murphy JF (2000) Altering the NICU and measuring infants' responses. Acta Paediatr 89(5):577–581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Alcee DA (2000) The experience of a community hospital in quantifying and reducing patient falls. J Nurs Care Qual 14(3):43–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Maies S, Spielberger CD, Defares PB, Sarason IG (eds) Topics in health psychology. John Wiley, New York, pp 193–203. van Leeuwen M, Bennett L, West S, Wiles V, and Grasso J (2001) Patient falls from bed and the role of bedrails in the acute care setting. Aust J Adv Nurs 19(2):8–13

    Google Scholar 

  88. Wong S, Glennie K, Muise M, Lambie E, Meagher D (1981) An exploration of environmental variables and patient falls. Dimens Health Serv 58(6):9–11

    Google Scholar 

  89. Brandis S (1999) A collaborative occupational therapy and nursing approach to falls prevention in hospital inpatients. J Qual Clin Pract 19(4):215–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Uden G (1985) Inpatient accidents in hospitals. J Am Geriatr Soc 33(12):833–841

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Ulrich RS (1984) View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science 224(4647):420–421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. Morgan VR, Mathison JH, Rice JC, Clemmer DI (1985) Hospital falls: a persistent problem. Am J Public Health 75(7):775–777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Van Leeuwen M, Bennett L, West S, Wiles V, Grasso J (2001) Patient falls from bed and the role of bedrails in the acute care setting. Aust J Adv Nurs 19(2):8–13

    Google Scholar 

  94. Vassallo M, Azeem T, Pirwani MF, Sharma JC, Allen SC (2000) An epidemiological study of falls on integrated general medical wards. Int J Clin Pract 54(10):654–657

    Google Scholar 

  95. Buchanan TL, Barker KN, Gibson JT, Jiang BC, Pearson RE (1991) Illumination and errors in dispensing. Am J Hosp Pharm 48(10):2137–2145. Bures S, Fishbain JT, Uyehara CF, Parker JM, Berg BW (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  96. Flynn EA, Barker KN, Gibson JT, Pearson RE, Berger BA, Smith LA (1999) Impact of interruptions and distractions on dispensing errors in an ambulatory care pharmacy. Am J Health Sys Pharm 56(13):1319–1325

    Google Scholar 

  97. Booker JM, Roseman C (1995) A seasonal pattern of hospital medication errors in Alaska. Psychiatry Res 57(3):251–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Kistner UA, Keith MR, Sergeant KA, Hokanson JA (1994) Accuracy of dispensing in a high volume, hospital-based outpatient pharmacy. Am J Hosp Pharm 51(22):2793–2797

    Google Scholar 

  99. Buchanan TL, Barker KN, Gibson JT, Jiang BC, Pearson RE (1991) Illumination and errors in dispensing. Am J Hosp Pharm 48(10):2137–2145

    Google Scholar 

  100. Garg A, Owen B (1992) Reducing back stress to nursing personnel: an ergonomic intervention in a nursing home. Ergonomics 35(11):1353–1375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Caboor DE, Verlinden MO, Zinzen E, Van Roy P, Van Riel MP, Clarys JP (2000) Implication of an adjustable bed height during standard nursing tasks on spinal motion, perceived exertation and muscular. Ergonomics 43(10):1771–1780

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. Fox RA, Henson PW (1996) Potential ocular hazard from a surgical light source. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 19(1):12–16

    Google Scholar 

  103. Garg A, Owen B (1992) Reducing back stress to nursing personnel: an ergonomic intervention in a nursing home. Ergonomics 35(11):1353–1375. Gast PL, Baker CF (1989) The CCU patient: anxiety and annoyance to noise. Crit Care Nurs Q 12(3):39–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. Petzall K, Petall J (2003) Transportation with hospital beds. Appl Ergon 34(4):383–392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Daraiseh N, Genaidy AM, Karwowski W, Davis LS, Stambough J, Huston RL (2003) Musculoskeletal outcomes in multiple body regions and work effects among nurses: the effects of stressful and stimulating working conditions. Ergonomics 46(12):1178–1199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Alexandre NM, de Moraes MA, Correa Filho HR, Jorge SA (2001) Evaluation of a program to reduce back pain in nursing personnel. Rev Saude Publica 35(4):356–361

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. [85]

    Google Scholar 

  108. Burgio L, Engel B, Hawkins A, McCorick K, Scheve A (1990) A descriptive analysis of nursing staff behaviors in a teaching nursing home: differences among NAs, LPNs and RNs. The Gerontologist 30:107–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Hibbard FJ, Bosso JA, Sward LW, Baum S (1981) Delivery time in a decentralized pharmacy system without satellites. Am J Hosp Pharm 38(5):690–692

    Google Scholar 

  110. Nelson-Shulman Y (1983) Information and environmental stress: report of a hospital intervention. J Environ Syst 13(4):303–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. Norbeck JS (1985) Perceived job stress, job satisfaction, and psychological symptoms in critical care nursing. Res Nurs Health 8(3):253–259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Reynolds DM, Johnson MH, Longe RL (1978) Medication delivery time requirements in centralized and decentralized unit dose drug distribution systems. Am J Hosp Pharm 35(8):941–943

    Google Scholar 

  113. Baker CF (1984) Sensory overload and noise in the ICU: sources of environmental stress. Crit Care Q 6(4):66–80

    Google Scholar 

  114. Shepley MM (1995) The location of behavioral incidents in a children’s psychiatric facility. Child Environ 12(3):352–361. Shepley MM (2002) Predesign and postoccupancy analysis of staff behavior in a neonatal intensive care unit. Child Health Care 31(3):237–253

    Google Scholar 

  115. Shepley MM (2002) Predesign and postoccupancy analysis of staff behavior in a neonatal intensive care unit. Child Health Care 31(3):237–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  116. Sturdavant M (1960) Intensive nursing service in circular and rectangular units. Hosp JAHA 34(14):46–48. 71–78

    Google Scholar 

  117. Nelson–Shulman Y (1983–1984) Information and environmental stress: Report of a hospital intervention. J Environ Syst 13(4):303–316. Trites DK, Galbraith FD, Sturdavant M, and Leckwart JF (1970) Influence of nursing-unit design on the activities and subjective feelings of nursing personnel. Environ Behav 2(3):303–334

    Google Scholar 

  118. Trites DK, Galbraith FD, Sturdavant M, Leckwart JF (1970) Influence of nursing-unit design on the activities and subjective feelings of nursing personnel. Environ Behav 2(3):303–334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Volicer BJ, Isenberg MA, Burns MW (1977) Medical-surgical differences in hospital stress factors. J Hum Stress 3(2):3–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. Walch JM, Rabin BS, Day R, Williams JN, Choi K, Kang JD (2004) The effect of sunlight on post-operative analgesic medication usage: a prospective study of spinal surgery patients. Psychosom Med 67:156–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. Devlin AS, Arneil AB (2003) Health care environments and patient outcomes. A review of literature. Environ Behav 35(5):665–694

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Beauchemin KM, Hays P (1996) Sunny hospital rooms expedite recovery from severe and refractory depressions. J Affect Disord 40(1–2):49–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  123. Burton E, Torrington J (2007) Designing environments suitable for older people. CME Geriatr Med 9(2):39–45

    Google Scholar 

  124. Weisman GD, Cohen U, Ray K, Day K (1991) Architectural planning and design for dementia care. In: Coons DH (ed) Specialized dementia care units. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 83–106

    Google Scholar 

  125. Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG (eds) (2000) Handbook of psychophysiology, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 815–846

    Google Scholar 

  126. Ulrich RS (1991) Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. J Health Care Inter Des 3:97–109

    Google Scholar 

  127. Tanja-Dijkstra K, Pieterse ME (2011) The psychological effects of the physical healthcare environment on healthcare personnel. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:CD006210

    Google Scholar 

  128. Miller AC, Hickman LC, Lemasters GK (1992) A distraction technique for control of burn pain. J Burn Care Rehabil 13(5):576–580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  129. Novaes MA, Aronovich A, Ferraz MB, Knobel E (1997) Stressors in ICU: patients' evaluation. Intensive Care Med 23(12):1282–1285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  130. Peterson R, Knapp T, Rosen J, Pither BF (1977) The effects of furniture arrangement on the behavior of geriatric patients. Behav Ther 8:464–467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  131. Codinhoto R, Tzortzopoulos P, Kagioglou M, Aouad G (2009) The impacts of the built environment on health outcomes. Facilities 27(3–4):138–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  132. Ulrich RS, Zimring C, Barch XZ, Dubose J, Seo HB, Choi YS et al (2008) A review of the research literature on evidence-based healthcare design. HERD 1(3):61–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  133. Ulrich RS (1992) How design impacts wellness. Health Forum J 35(5):20–25

    Google Scholar 

  134. Rountree PM, Beard MA, Loewenthal J, May J, and Renwick SB (1967) Staphylococcal sepsis in a new surgical ward. Br Med J 1(533):132–137. Rubin H, Owens AJ, and Golden G (1998) Status report (1998): An investigation to determine whether the built environment affects patients’ medical outcomes. Center for Health Design, Martinez

    Google Scholar 

  135. Rubin H, Owens AJ, Golden G (1998) Status report (1998): an investigation to determine whether the built environment affects patients' medical outcomes. Center for Health Design, Martinez

    Google Scholar 

  136. Swan JE, Richardson LD, Hutton JD (2003) Do appealing hospital rooms increase patient evaluations of physicians, nurses, and hospital services? Health Care Manag Rev 28(3):254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Ubel PA, Zell MM, Miller DJ (1995) Elevator talk: observational study of inappropriate comments in a public space. Am J Med 99(2):190–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  138. Jonas WB, Chez RA (2004) Toward optimal healing environments in health care. J Altern Complement Med 10(Suppl. 1):S1–S6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  139. Kecskes I, Rihmer Z, Kiss K, Vargha A, Szili I, Rihmer A (2003) Possible effect of gender and season on the length of hospitalisation in unipolar major depressives. J Affect Disord 73(3):279–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  140. Kinnunen T, Saynajakangs O, Tuuponen T, Keistinen T (2002) Regional and seasonal variation in the length of hospital stay for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Finland. Int J Circumpolar Health 61(2):131–135. 32 32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. Ulrich RS, Gilpin L (2003) Healing arts: nutrition for the soul. In: Frampton SB, Gilpin L, Charmel P (eds) Putting patients first: designing and practicing patient-centered care. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, pp 117–146. 36 36

    Google Scholar 

  142. Babin SE (2013) Color theory: the effects of color in meidcal environemt. Honors college the Aquila Digital Community

    Google Scholar 

  143. Wallenius MA (2004) The interaction of noise stress and personal project stress on subjective health. J Environ Psychol (2):24, 167–177. Health Design, Concord CA (2006) Issue paper 1

    Google Scholar 

  144. Dulux Trade (2011) Transforming the healing environment Choosing colours and products that make a difference for patients. Trade Contract Partnership

    Google Scholar 

  145. Diette GB, Lechtzin N, Haponik E, Devrotes A, Rubin HR (2003) Distraction therapy with nature sights and sounds reduces pain during flexible bronchoscopy: a complementary approach to routine analgesia. Chest 123(3):941–948

    Article  Google Scholar 

  146. Maies S, Spielberger CD, Defares PB, Sarason IG (eds) (1988) Topics in Health Psychology. Wiley, New York, pp 193–203

    Google Scholar 

  147. John Wiley & Sons Inc, Schneider SM, Prince-Paul M, Allen MJ, Silverman P, Talaba D (2004) Virtual reality as a distraction intervention for women receiving chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 31(1):81–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. Tse MMY, Ng JKF, Chung JWY, Wong TKS (2002) The effect of visual stimuli on pain threshold and tolerance. J Clin Nurs 11(4):462–469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  149. Ulrich RS (1999) Effects of gardens on health outcomes: theory and research. Heal Gardens Ther Benefits Des Recommend 27:86

    Google Scholar 

  150. Ulrich RS, Simons RF, Miles MA (2003) Effects of environmental simulations and television on blood donor stress. J Architect Plann Res 20(1):38–47

    Google Scholar 

  151. Van der Ploeg HM (1988) Stressful medical events: a survey of patients' perceptions. In: Maes S et al (eds) Topics in Health Psychology. John Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  152. Verderber S (1986) Dimensions of person-window transactions in the hospital environment. Environ Behav 18(4):450–466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  153. Whall AL, Black ME, Groh CJ, Yankou DJ, Kupferschmid BJ, Foster NL (1997) The effect of natural environments upon agitation and aggression in late stage dementia patients. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 12:216–220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  154. Lewy AJ, Bauer VK, Cutler NL, Sack RL, Ahmed S, Thomas KH et al (1998) Morning vs. evening light treatment of patients with winter depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55(10):890–896

    Article  Google Scholar 

  155. Terman JS, Terman M, Lo ES, Cooper TB (2001) Circadian time of morning light administration and therapeutic response in winter depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58(1):69–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  156. Benedetti F, Colombo C, Barbini B, Campori E, Smeraldi E (2001) Morning sunlight reduces length of hospitalization in bipolar depression. J Affect Disord 62(3):221–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  157. Eastman CI, Young MA, Fogg LF, Liu L, Meaden PM (1998) Bright light treatment of winter despression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55(10):883–889

    Article  Google Scholar 

  158. Federman EJ, Drebing CE, Boisvert C, Penk W, Binus G, Rosenheck R (2000) Relationship between climate and psychiatric inpatient length of stay in Veterans Health Administration hospitals. Am J Psychiatr 157(10):1669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  159. Hebert M, Dumont M, Paquet J (1998) Seasonal and diurnal patterns of human illumination under natural conditions. Chronobiol Int 15(1):59–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  160. Holahan CJ (1972) Seating patterns and patient behavior in an experimental dayroom. J Abnorm Psychol 80(2):115–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  161. Choi J-H, Beltran LO, Kim H-S (2012) Impacts of indoor daylight environments on patient average length of stay (ALOS) in a healthcare facility. Build Environ 50:65–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  162. Beauchemin KM, Hays P (1998) Dying in the dark: sunshine, gender and outcomes in myocardial infarction. J R Soc Med 91(7):352–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  163. Lovell BB, Ancoli-Israel S, Gevirtz R (1995) Effect of bright light treatment on agitated behavior in institutionalized elderly subjects. Psychiatry Res 57(1):7–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  164. Van Someren EJW, Kessler A, Mirmiran M, Swaab DF (1997) Indirect bright light improves circadian rest-activity rhythm disturbances in demented patients. Biol Psychiatry 41(9):955–963

    Article  Google Scholar 

  165. Wallace-Guy G, Kripke D, Jean-Louis G, Langer R, Elliott J, Tuunainen A (2002) Evening light exposure: implications for sleep and depression. J Am Geriatr Soc 50(4):738–739

    Article  Google Scholar 

  166. Love H (2003) Noise exposure in the orthopaedic operating theatre: a significant health hazard. ANZ J Surg 73(10):836–838

    Article  Google Scholar 

  167. Allaouchiche B, Duflo F, Debon R, Bergeret A, Chassard D (2002) Noise in the postanaesthesia care unit. Br J Anaesth 88(3):369–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  168. Babwin D (2002) Building boom. Hosp Health Netw 76(3):48–54 Baker CF (1992) Discomfort to environmental noise: heart rate responses of SICU patients. Crit Care Nurs Q 15(2):75–90

    Google Scholar 

  169. Bayo MV, Garcia AM, Garcia A (1995) Noise levels in an urban hospital and workers' subjective responses. Arch Environ Health 50(3):247–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  170. Berg S (2001) Impact of reduced reverberation time on sound-induced arousals during sleep. Sleep 24(3):289–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  171. Berglund B, Lindvall T, Schwela DH (1999) Guidelines for community noise: protection of the human environment. World Health Organization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  172. Blomkvist V, Eriksen CA, Theorell T, Ulrich RS, Rasmanis G (2004) Acoustics and psychosocial environment in coronary intensive care. Occup Environ Med 62(3):e1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Cmiel CA, Karr DM, Gasser DM, Oliphant LM, Neveau AJ (2004) Noise control: a nursing team's approach to sleep promotion. Am J Nurs 104(2):40–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  174. Couper RT, Hendy K, Lloyd N, Gray N, Williams S, Bates DJ (1994) Traffic and noise in children's wards. Med J Aust 160(6):338–341

    Google Scholar 

  175. Zahr LK, de Traversay J (1995) Premature infant responses to noise reduction by earmuffs: effects on behavioral and physiologic measures. J Perinatol 15(6):448–455

    Google Scholar 

  176. Falk SA, Woods NF (1973) Hospital noise: levels and potential health hazards. N Engl J Med 289(15):774–781

    Article  Google Scholar 

  177. Hagerman I, Theorell T, Ulrich RS, Blomkvist V, Eriksen CA, Rasmanis G (2004) Influence of coronary intensive care acoustics on the physiological states and quality of care of patients. Int J Cardiol 98(2):267–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  178. Hilton BA (1985) Noise in acute patient care areas. Res Nurs Health 8(3):283–291. Hodge B and Thompson JF (1990) Noise pollution in the operating theatre. Lancet 335(8694): 891–894

    Google Scholar 

  179. Johnson AN (2001) Neonatal response to control of noise inside the incubator. Pediatr Nurs 27(6):600–605

    Google Scholar 

  180. Wallenius MA (2004) The interaction of noise stress and personal project stress on subjective health. J Environ Psychol 24(2):167–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  181. McLaughlin A, McLaughlin B, Elliott J, Campalani G (1996) Noise levels in a cardiac surgical intensive care unit: a preliminary study conducted in secret. Intens Crit Care Nurs 12(4):226–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  182. Morrison WE, Haas EC, Shaffner DH, Garrett ES, Fackler JC (2003) Noise, stress, and annoyance in a pediatric intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 31(1):113–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  183. Nott MR, West PD (2003) Orthopaedic theatre noise: a potential hazard to patients. Anaesthesia 58(8):784–787

    Article  Google Scholar 

  184. Robertson A, Cooper-Peel C, Vos P (1998) Peak noise distribution in the neonatal intensive care nursery. J Perinatol 18(5):361–364

    Google Scholar 

  185. Ron JN, Carlisle CC, Carskadon MA, Meyer TJ, Hill NS, Millman RP (1996) Environmental noise as a cause of sleep disruption in an intermediate respiratory care unit. Sleep 19(9):707–710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  186. Shepley MM, Davies K (2003) Nursing unit configuration and its relationship to noise and nurse walking behavior: an AIDS/HIV unit case study. Retrieved 26 Mar 2004, from http://www.aia.org/aah/journal/0401/article4.asp 35 35

  187. Topf M (1985) Noise-induced stress in hospital patients: coping and nonauditory health outcomes. J Hum Stress 11(3):125–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  188. Topf M and Davis JE (1993) Critical care unit noise and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Heart Lung 22(3):252–258. Topf M and Dillon E (1988) Noise-induced stress as a predictor of burnout in critical care nurses. Heart Lung 17(5):567–574

    Google Scholar 

  189. Topf M, Dillon E (1988) Noise-induced stress as a predictor of burnout in critical care nurses. Heart Lung 17(5):567–574

    Google Scholar 

  190. Topf M, Thompson S (2001) Interactive relationships between hospital patients’ noise-induced stress and other stress with sleep. Heart Lung 30(4):237–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  191. Walder B, Francioli D, Meyer JJ, Lancon M, Romand JA (2000) Effects of guidelines implementation in a surgical intensive care unit to control nighttime light and noise levels. Crit Care Med 28(7):2242–2247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  192. Parthasarathy S, Tobin MJ (2004) Sleep in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 30(2):197–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  193. Schnelle JF, Ouslander JG, Simmons SF, Alessi CA, Gravel MD (1993) The nighttime environment, incontinence care, and sleep disruption in nursing homes. J Am Geriatr Soc 41(9):910–914

    Article  Google Scholar 

  194. Southwell MT, Wistow G (1995) Sleep in hospitals at night: are patients’ needs being met? J Adv Nurs 21(6):1101–1109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  195. Hendrich A, Fay J, Sorrells A (2002) Courage to heal: comprehensive cardiac critical care. Healthc Des:11–13

    Google Scholar 

  196. Cooper Marcus C, Barnes M (1995) Gardens in healthcare facilities: uses, therapeutic benefits, and design recommendations. Center for Health Design, Martinez

    Google Scholar 

  197. Heath Y, Gifford R (2001) Post-occupancy evaluation of therapeutic gardens in a multi-level care facility for the aged. Act Adapt Aging 25(2):21–43

    Google Scholar 

  198. Hendrich A, Fay J, Sorrells A (2004) Effects of acuity-adaptable rooms on flow of patients and delivery of care. Am J Crit Care 13(1):35–45

    Google Scholar 

  199. Whitehouse S, Varni JW, Seid M, Cooper-Marcus C, Ensberg MJ, Jacobs JR et al (2001) Evaluating a children's hospital garden environment: utilization and consumer satisfaction. J Environ Psychol 21(3):301–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  200. Mlinek J, Pierce J (1997) Confidentiality and privacy breaches in a university hospital emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 4(12):1142–1146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  201. Capezuti E, Maislin G, Strumpf N, Evans LK (2002) Side rail use and bed-related fall outcomes among nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc 50(1):90–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  202. Chang JT, Morton SC, Rubenstein LZ, Mojica WA, Maglione M, Suttorp MJ et al (2004) Interventions for the prevention of falls in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Br Med J 328(7441):680–680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  203. Ganey, Inc (2003) National patient satisfaction data for 2003. (Provided by Press Ganey, Inc. at the request of the authors for this research review)

    Google Scholar 

  204. Hanger HC, Ball MC, Wood LA (1999) An analysis of falls in the hospital: can we do without bedrails? J Am Geriatr Soc 47(5):529–531. 31 31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  205. Haq S, Zimring C (2003) Just down the road a piece: the development of topological knowledge of building layouts. Environ Behav 35(1):132–160. Harris, D. (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  206. Harris PB, McBride G, Ross C, Curtis L (2002) A place to heal: environmental sources of satisfaction among hospital patients. J Appl Soc Psychol 32(6):1276–1299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  207. Hendrich A (2003) Optimizing physical space for improved outcomes: satisfaction and the bottom line. Paper presented at “Optimizing the Physical Space for Improved Outcomes, Satisfaction, and the Bottom Line,” minicourse sponsored by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement and the Center for Health Design, Atlanta

    Google Scholar 

  208. Johns Hopkins Medicin (2015) Hospital design has little effect on patient satisfaction, study finds

    Google Scholar 

  209. Kaldenburg DO (1999) The influence of having a roommate on patient satisfaction. Satisfaction Monitor, January–February (www.pressganey.org). Kaplan LM, McGuckin M (1986) Increasing handwashing compliance with more accessible sinks. Infect Control 7(8):408–410

  210. Pierce RA 2nd, Rogers EM, Sharp MH, Musulin M (1990) Outpatient pharmacy redesign to improve work flow, waiting time, and patient satisfaction. Am J Hosp Pharm 47(2):351–356

    Google Scholar 

  211. Press Ganey, Inc (2003) National patient satisfaction data for 2003. (Provided by Press Ganey, Inc. at the request of the authors for this research review)

    Google Scholar 

  212. Zishan K, Siddiqui MD et al (2015) Changes in patient satisfaction related to hospital renovation: experience with a new clinical building. J Hosp Med 10(3):165–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  213. Hutton A (2002) Privacy needs of adolescent in hospitals. J Pediatr Nurs 17(1):67–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  214. Barlas D, Sama AE, Ward MF, Lesser ML (2001) Comparison of the auditory and visual privacy of emergency department treatment areas with curtains versus those with solid walls. Ann Emerg Med 38(2):135–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  215. Prochansky HM, Ittelson WH, Rivlin LG (1970) Freedom of choice and behavior in a physical setting. In: Prochansky HM, Ittelson WH, Rivlin LG (eds) Environmental psychology: man and his psychical setting. Rinehart, Winston, Holt/New York, pp 173–183

    Google Scholar 

  216. Firestone IJ, Lichtman CM, Evans JR (1980) Privacy and solidarity: effects of nursing home accommodation on environmental perception and sociability preferences. Int J Aging Hum Dev 11(3):229–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  217. Melin L, Gotestam KG (1981) The effects of rearranging ward routines on communication and eating behaviors of psychogeriatric patients. J Appl Behav Anal 14(1):47–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  218. Sommer R, Ross H (1958) Social interaction on a geriatrics ward. Int J Soc Psychiatry 4(2):128–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  219. Carpman J, Grant M, Simmons D (1984) No more mazes: research about design for wayfinding in hospitals. The University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor

    Google Scholar 

  220. Brown B, Wright H, Brown C (1997) A post-occupancy evaluation of wayfinding in a pediatric hospital: research findings and implications for instruction. J Architect Plann Res 14(1):35–51

    Google Scholar 

  221. Butler D, Acquino AL, Hissong AA, Scott PA (1993) Wayfinding by newcomers in a complex building. Hum Factors 25(1):159–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  222. Carpman J, Grant MA, Simmons DA (1985) Hospital design and wayfinding: a video simulation study. Environ Behav 17(3):296–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  223. Carpman J, Grant M, Simmons D (1983-84) Wayfinding in the hospital environment: the impact of various floor numbering alternatives. J Environ Syst 13(4):353–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  224. Grover P (1971) Wayfinding in hospital environments: UCLA hospital disorientation pilot case study. Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles

    Google Scholar 

  225. Levine M, Marchon I, Hanley G (1984) The placement and misplacement of you-are-here maps. Environ Behav 16(2):139–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  226. Moeser SD (1988) Cognitive mapping in a complex building. Environ Behav 20(1):21–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  227. Ortega-Andeane P, Urbina-Soria J (1988) A case study of wayfinding and security in a Mexico City hospital. Paper Pres EDRA Environ Des Res Assoc US 19:231–236

    Google Scholar 

  228. Passini R, Rainville C, Marchand N, Joanette Y (1995) Wayfinding in dementia of the Alzheimer type: planning abilities. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 17(6):820–832. 34 34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  229. Peponis J, Zimring C, Choi YK (1990) Finding the building in wayfinding. Environ Behav 22(5): 555–590. Peterson R, Knapp T, Rosen J, Pither BF (1977) The effects of furniture arrangement on the behavior of geriatric patients. Behav Ther 8:464–467

    Google Scholar 

  230. Weisman J (1981) Evaluating architectural legibility: Wayfinding in the built environment. Environ Behav 13(2):189–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  231. Wright P, Hull AJ, Lickorish A (1993) Navigating in a hospital outpatients' department: the merits of maps and wallsigns. J Architect Plann Res 10(1):76–89

    Google Scholar 

  232. Zimring C (1990) The costs of confusion: non-monetary and monetary costs of the Emory University hospital wayfinding system. Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta

    Google Scholar 

  233. Zimring C, Templer J (1983-84) Wayfinding and orientation by the visually impaired. J Environ Syst 13(4):333–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  234. Carpman J, Grant M (1993) Design that cares: planning health facilities for patients and visitors, 2nd edn. American Hospital Publishing, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  235. Christensen KE (1979) An impact analysis framework for calculating the costs of staff disorientation in hospitals. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of California, Los Angeles

    Google Scholar 

  236. Leather P, Beale D, Santos A, Watts J, Lee L (2003) Outcomes of environmental appraisal of different hospital waiting areas. Environ Behav 35(6):842–869

    Article  Google Scholar 

  237. Sallstrom C, Sandman PO, Norberg A (1987) Relatives’ experience of the terminal care of longterm geriatric patients in open-plan rooms. Scand J Caring Sci 1(4):133–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  238. Sanderson PJ, Weissler S (1992) Recovery of coliforms from the hands of nurses and patients: activities leading to contamination. J Hosp Infect 21(2):85–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  239. Schneider LF, Taylor HA (1999) How do you get there from here? Mental representations of route descriptions. Appl Cogn Psychol 13:415–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  240. Shepley MM (1995) The location of behavioral incidents in a children's psychiatric facility. Child Environ 12(3):352–361

    Google Scholar 

  241. Marcus CC, Barnes M (eds) (1999) Healing gardens. New York, Wiley, pp 27–86

    Google Scholar 

  242. Ulrich RS, Lawson B, Martinez M (2003) Exploring the patient environment: an NHS estates workshop. Tht Stationery Office, London

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. American University in the Emirates- Block 7- Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

    Jazla Fadda

Authors
  1. Jazla Fadda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jazla Fadda .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. World Renewable Energy Congress, Brighton, United Kingdom

    Ali Sayigh

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Fadda, J. (2019). Quality of Healthcare: A Review of the Impact of the Hospital Physical Environment on Improving Quality of Care. In: Sayigh, A. (eds) Sustainable Building for a Cleaner Environment. Innovative Renewable Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94595-8_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94595-8_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-94594-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-94595-8

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation