Abstract
Invulnerable metro systems are essential for the safety and efficiency of urban transportation services. Therefore, it is of significant interest to systematically assess the vulnerability of metro systems. To this end, in this paper, we assess the vulnerability of metro systems with a data-driven framework in which dynamic travel patterns are considered. Specifically, we use effective attack strategies based on the topology structure of metro networks. The network structure depends on not only connectivity among metro stations but also dynamic passenger flow patterns. Thus, two data-driven metrics, satisfaction rate (SR) and satisfaction rate with path cost (SRPC), are proposed to quantify the vulnerability of metro networks after our attack strategies. Finally, we conduct experiments on Shanghai metro system. The results indicate that the metro system is vulnerable to malicious attacks while it shows strong robustness to random failures. Our results also highlight weak-points and bottlenecks in the system, which may bear practical managerial implications for policymakers to improve the reliability and robustness of the metro systems and the public transportation services.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Albert, R., Jeong, H., Barabási, A.L.: Error and attack tolerance of complex networks. Nature 406(6794), 378–382 (2000)
Berche, B., Von Ferber, C., Holovatch, T., Holovatch, Y.: Resilience of public transport networks against attacks. Eur. Phys. J. B-Condensed Matter Complex Syst. 71(1), 125–137 (2009)
Derrible, S., Kennedy, C.: The complexity and robustness of metro networks. Physica A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 389(17), 3678–3691 (2010)
Ding, L., Zhang, L., Wu, X., Skibniewski, M.J., Qunzhou, Y.: Safety management in tunnel construction: case study of wuhan metro construction in china. Saf. Sci. 62, 8–15 (2014)
Estrada, E., RodrÃguez-Velázquez, J.A.: Subgraph centrality in complex networks. Phys. Rev. E 71(5), 056103 (2005)
Flammini, F., Gaglione, A., Mazzocca, N., Pragliola, C.: Quantitative security risk assessment and management for railway transportation infrastructures. In: Setola, R., Geretshuber, S. (eds.) CRITIS 2008. LNCS, vol. 5508, pp. 180–189. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03552-4_16
Holme, P., Kim, B.J., Yoon, C.N., Han, S.K.: Attack vulnerability of complex networks. Phys. Rev. E 65(5), 056109 (2002)
Jenelius, E., Cats, O.: The value of new public transport links for network robustness and redundancy. Transportmetrica A: Transp. Sci. 11(9), 819–835 (2015)
Jenelius, E., Mattsson, L.G.: Developing a methodology for road network vulnerability analysis. Nectar Cluster 1, 1–9 (2006)
Lee, K., Jung, W.S., Park, J.S., Choi, M.: Statistical analysis of the metropolitan seoul subway system: network structure and passenger flows. Physica A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 387(24), 6231–6234 (2008)
Sun, D.J., Guan, S.: Measuring vulnerability of urban metro network from line operation perspective. Transp. Res. Part A: Policy Pract. 94, 348–359 (2016)
Wang, J.: Robustness of complex networks with the local protection strategy against cascading failures. Saf. Sci. 53, 219–225 (2013)
Watanabe, T., Masuda, N.: Enhancing the spectral gap of networks by node removal. Phys. Rev. E 82(4), 046102 (2010)
Yan, X., Li, C., Zhang, L., Hu, Y.: A new method optimizing the subgraph centrality of large networks. Physica A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 444, 373–387 (2016)
Yang, Y., Liu, Y., Zhou, M., Li, F., Sun, C.: Robustness assessment of urban rail transit based on complex network theory: a case study of the beijing subway. Saf. Sci. 79, 149–162 (2015)
Zhang, J., Xu, X., Hong, L., Wang, S., Fei, Q.: Attack vulnerability of self-organizing networks. Saf. Sci. 50(3), 443–447 (2012)
Zhou, Y., Sheu, J., Wang, J.: Robustness assessment of urban road network with consideration of multiple hazard events. Risk Anal. 37(8), 1477–1494 (2017)
Zhou, Z., Irizarry, J., Li, Q.: Using network theory to explore the complexity of subway construction accident network (scan) for promoting safety management. Saf. Sci. 64, 127–136 (2014)
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Key Research Program of China (No. 2016YFB0501900 and No. 2016YFB1000600). Jun Pu and Chuanren Liu contribute equally to this work. Yuanchun Zhou is the corresponding author.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pu, J., Liu, C., Zhao, J., Han, K., Zhou, Y. (2018). Vulnerability Assessment of Metro Systems Based on Dynamic Network Structure. In: Phung, D., Tseng, V., Webb, G., Ho, B., Ganji, M., Rashidi, L. (eds) Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. PAKDD 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10937. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93034-3_42
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93034-3_42
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-93033-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-93034-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)