Abstract
Discovered in the year 1609 by means of a Belgian spy-glass:
Arthur Octavius Prickard (1843–1939) was a fellow of New College Oxford.
Source: Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX. Detectus Ope Perspicilli Belgici, Hoc est, Quatuor Jovialium Planetarum, Cum Theoria, Tum Tabulæ, Propriis Observationibus Maxime Fundatæ, Ex Quibus situs illorum ad Iovem, ad quodvis tempus datum promptissimè & facilimè supputari potest. Inventore & Authore Simone Mario Guntzenhusano, Marchionum Brandenburgensium in Franconiâ Mathematico, puriorisque Medicinæ Studioso. Nürnberg: Johann Lauer 1614
English translation from Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX. by Arthur Octavius Prickard (The ‘Mundus Jovialis’ of Simon Marius, The Observatory. A review of astronomy 39 (1916), pp. 367–381, 403–412, 443–452, 498–503)
English translation from Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX. by Albert Van Helden
German translation from Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX. by Joachim Schlör: Mundus Iovialis – Die Welt des Jupiter. Die Entdeckung der Jupitermonde durch den fränkischen Hofmathematiker und Astronomen Simon Marius im Jahr 1609 – lateinisch und deutsch (= Fränkische Geschichte, vol. 4). Gunzenhausen: Johann Schrenk 1988
German translation from Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX., Appendix of the second edition (in: Hans Gaab, Pierre Leich, Marius’ Replik auf Scheiner – Der Anhang zum Mundus Iovialis von Simon Marius, Globulus – Beiträge der Natur- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft e.V., 18 (2014), pp. 11–14)
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Notes
- 1.
A geometrical pace equals 5 feet, and 1000 of these paces equals 1 (Roman) mile. The German mile was a little less than 4.7 modern (English) miles.
- 2.
English translation from Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX. by Albert Van Helden.
- 3.
Source.
- 4.
In the original it inadvertently says “In” instead of “Io”.
- 5.
Correct would be Heilsbronn , not Heilbronn.
- 6.
Heilsbronn.
- 7.
In his Astronomiae Reformatae Progymnasmata (1602), Tycho made the solar diameter 514/75 times as large as the Earth’s, but for all the sizes and distances indicated that these measures were approximations. See Tychonis Brahe Dani Opera Omnia, II: pp. 422–426, 431.
- 8.
Assuming 15 German miles to 1° at the equator, or 1 German miles is about 7 km. The diameter of the Earth, according to Marius, was about 12,000 km.
- 9.
Nicholas Copernicus and Tycho Brahe both used approximately this figure. See Van Helden, Measuring the Universe, pp. 46–50.
- 10.
P has trinus.
- 11.
Here Prickard wrote latitude by mistake.
- 12.
Disquisitiones Mathematicae, p. 78: the companions of Jupiter were first detected a few years ago by the outstanding, brilliant Italian mathematician Galileo (for in vain did some Calvinist nearly persuade us of the contrary, very unseasonably for the first time this year) […].
- 13.
Note the play on words in germani.
- 14.
English translation from Mundus Iovialis Anno M.DC.IX. by Albert Van Helden.
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Prickard, A.O., Van Helden, A. (2018). The World of Jupiter, English Translation of Mundus Iovialis . In: Gaab, H., Leich, P. (eds) Simon Marius and His Research. Historical & Cultural Astronomy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92621-6_1
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