Skip to main content

The Role of Core Outcome Sets for Pharmaceutical Care Research

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Pharmacist Guide to Implementing Pharmaceutical Care

Abstract

The development and implementation of core outcome sets can help support the generation of high-quality evidence for pharmaceutical care research, which in turn can help improve outcomes for patients . The concept of COSs is relatively new and a robust, evidence-based methodology for developing and implementing COSs is not yet fully established. The processes described in the COMET Handbook (Version 1.0) represents what is known to be best practice at the time of publication. However, there remain some uncertainties regarding the impact of different methodological decisions made during the development of a COS. For example, how to choose the best consensus technique, or how outcomes are prioritized for inclusion in a COS. Furthermore, guidance regarding how to reduce the number of outcomes specified in a COS to a number that can practicably be measured and reported in an RCT is needed. The handbook is likely to be updated periodically as more research is undertaken [4]. A key message for COS developers is to be transparent with regard to the methods used during COS development studies. An accurate description of how and why key decisions during the COS development process are made, and the outcome of those decisions, will not only encourage uptake of the developed COS but will help guide the refinement of COS development methodology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Williamson PR, Altman DG, Blazeby JM, Clarke M, Devane D, Gargon E, et al. Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: issues to consider. Trials. 2012;13(1):132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Beuscart JB, Pont LG, Thevelin S, Boland B, Dalleur O, Rutjes A, et al. A systematic review of the outcomes reported in trials of medication review in older patients: the need for a core outcome set. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017;83:942–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Dwan K, Altman DG, Arnaiz JA, Bloom J, Chan AW, Cronin E, et al. Systematic review of the empirical evidence of study publication bias and outcome reporting bias. PLoS ONE. 2008;3(8):e3081.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Williamson PR, Altman DG, Bagley H, Barnes KL, Blazeby JM, Brookes ST, et al. The COMET Handbook: version 1.0. Trials. 2017;18(3):280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Young B, Bagley H. Including patients in core outcome set development: issues to consider based on three workshops with around 100 international delegates. Res Involvement Engagem. 2016;2(1):25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Jones JE, Jones LL, Keeley TJ, Calvert MJ, Mathers J. A review of patient and carer participation and the use of qualitative research in the development of core outcome sets. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(3):e0172937.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Keeley T, Williamson P, Callery P, Jones LL, Mathers J, Jones J, et al. The use of qualitative methods to inform Delphi surveys in core outcome set development. Trials. 2016;17(1):230.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Sinha IP, Smyth RL, Williamson PR. Using the Delphi technique to determine which outcomes to measure in clinical trials: recommendations for the future based on a systematic review of existing studies. PLoS Med. 2011;8(1):e1000393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Gargon E, Williamson PR, Young B. Improving core outcome set development: qualitative interviews with developers provided pointers to inform guidance. J Clin Epidemiol. 2017;86:140–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kirkham JJ, Gorst S, Altman DG, Blazeby JM, Clarke M, Devane D, et al. Core outcome set–STAndards for reporting: the COS-STAR statement. PLoS Med. 2016;13(10):e1002148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL, et al. The COSMIN checklist for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties of health status measurement instruments: an international Delphi study. Qual Life Res. 2010;19(4):539–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Millar AN, Daffu-O’Reilly A, Hughes CM, Alldred DP, Barton G, Bond CM, et al. Development of a core outcome set for effectiveness trials aimed at optimising prescribing in older adults in care homes. Trials. 2017;18(1):175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carmel M. Hughes .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Millar, A., Rankin, A., McGrattan, M., Spargo, M., Hughes, C.M. (2019). The Role of Core Outcome Sets for Pharmaceutical Care Research. In: Alves da Costa, F., van Mil, J., Alvarez-Risco, A. (eds) The Pharmacist Guide to Implementing Pharmaceutical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92576-9_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92576-9_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-92575-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-92576-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics