The Crisis of Stalinism After 1953

Shahibzadeh, Yadullah

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92522-6_7

Yadullah Shahibzadeh²

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Abstract

The Stalinist Marxism in Iran produced theorists such as Ehsan Tabari whose main concern was not about the choice between dictatorship or democracy but about the kind of democracy that converges with the communist objectives. Tabari insisted that from the communists’ point of view, socialism was the expression of freedom and equality, and the embodiment of real democracy. This definition assumed the Soviet Union as the beacon of democracy and socialism, the fidelity to which was the duty of all sincere believers in freedom and equality. This presupposition led the Tudeh Party to depict any Iranian government, individual democrat or communist organization, that challenged the Soviet Union’s policies in Iran as an agent of imperialism or opportunist revisionists. The attempts to rectify the Tudeh Party’s politics, from within and from without, in the 1940s and the 1950s were unsuccessful.

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Notes

1.
Amir Khosravi va Azarnur, Khaterat-e siyasi-ye, Iraj Eskandari, Bakhsh-e Chaharom, p. 79.
2.
Ibid., p. 75.
3.
Ehsan Tabari, Neveshteh’ha-ye falsafi va ejtemayi, Jeld-e avval (Berlin: Entesharat-e Hezb-e Tudeh Iran, 2007), p. 75.
4.
Ibid., p. 91.
5.
Tabari, Neveshteh’ha-ye falsafi va ejtemayi, Jeld-e avval, pp. 92–93.
6.
Ibid., p. 99.
7.
Ibid., p. 103.
8.
Ibid., p. 104.
9.
Tabari, Neveshteh’ha-ye falsafi va ejtemayi, Jeld-e avval, p. 104.
10.
Ibid., p. 105.
11.
Ibid., pp. 230–232.
12.
Tabari, Neveshteh’ha-ye falsafi va ejtemayi, Jeld-e avval, pp. 240–241.
13.
Ervand Abrahamian, Iran Between Two Revolutions (Princeton University Press, 1982) and Maziar Behrooz, Rebels With A Cause.
14.
Khamei, Khaterat-e siyasi, pp. 323–327.
15.
Ibid., p. 332.
16.
Khalil Maleki, Nehzat-e melli va edalat-e ejtemayi (Tehran: nashr-e Markaz, 1998), pp. 6–7.
17.
Ibid., pp. 7–9.
18.
Maleki, Nehzat-e melli va edalat-e ejtemayi, pp. 9–10.
19.
Ibid., pp. 10–11.
20.
Ibid., p. 12.
21.
Ibid., pp. 18–20.
22.
Maleki, Nehzat-e melli va edalat-e ejtemayi, pp. 25–28.
23.
Ibid., pp. 28–29.
24.
Ibid., pp. 29–30.
25.
Ibid., p. 32.
26.
Maleki, Nehzat-e melli va edalat-e ejtemayi, p. 35.
27.
Ibid., p. 46.
28.
Ibid., p. 57.
29.
Maleki translated Georgi Plekhanov’s On the Question of the Individual’s Role in History (1898) into Persian.
30.
Maleki, Nehzat-e melli va edalat-e ejtemayi, p. 59.
31.
Maleki, Nehzat-e melli va edalat-e ejtemayi, p. 69.
32.
Ibid., pp. 75–176.
33.
Ibid., p. 118.
34.
Ibid., p. 122.
35.
Ibid., p. 123.
36.
Ibid., p. 129.
37.
Khamei, Khaterat-e siyasi, p. 333.
38.
Mohammad Hossein Khosropanah, Seyyed Baqer Emami va Kruzhokha-ye marksisti-ye ou (Tehran: Chap-e Talayeh’ha-ye Afaq, 2014), pp. 63–64.
39.
Khosropanah, Seyyed Baqer Emami va Kruzhokha-ye marksisti-ye ou, pp. 68–69.
40.
Ibid., pp. 66–67.
41.
Ibid., p. 67.
42.
Ibid., pp. 67–68.
43.
Ibid., p. 78.
44.
Ibid., pp. 81–82.
45.
Ibid., p. 84.
46.
Khosropanah, Seyyed Baqer Emami va Kruzhokha-ye marksisti-ye ou, p. 92.
47.
Ibid., pp. 89–91.
48.
Ibid., pp. 102–104.
49.
Ibid., p. 104.
50.
Ibid., p. 105.
51.
Ibid., pp. 106–107.
52.
Albert Sohrabian, Khaterat-e Albert Sohrabian, bargi az jonbesh-e kargari-komonisti-ye Iran (Hannover: Bidar, 2000), pp. 72–73.
53.
Ibid., pp. 77–79.
54.
Ibid., pp. 79–80.
55.
Khosropanah, Seyyed Baqer Emami va Kruzhokha-ye marksisti-ye ou, p. 110.
56.
Ibid., p. 110.
57.
Ibid., p. 113.
58.
Ibid., pp. 82–88.
59.
Ibid., pp. 121–124.
60.
Khosropanah, Seyyed Baqer Emami va Kruzhokha-ye marksisti-ye ou, pp. 143–145.
61.
Ibid., p. 157.
62.
Ibid., pp. 162–163.
63.
Ibid., pp. 63–64.
64.
Ibid., pp. 170–178.
65.
Ibid., p. 181.

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Yadullah Shahibzadeh

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Shahibzadeh, Y. (2019). The Crisis of Stalinism After 1953. In: Marxism and Left-Wing Politics in Europe and Iran. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92522-6_7

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92522-6_7
Published: 29 September 2018
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-92521-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-92522-6
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