Nation Frame Level: The Dark Side

Abstract

We are now at the most dangerous frame level of all, the nation frame, shown in Fig. 12.1, which, in the nineteenth century and especially in the twentieth century, became harnessed to the resources and industrial efficiency of the modern nationstate. These nation-states—the Soviet Union, Communist China, Nazi Germany— devoted, as their top priority, huge state-wide manpower and administrative resources to enforcing conformity to an ideological frame. Truly horrendous acts have been committed in the name of such frames.