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Improving Burden of Disease and Source Attribution Estimates

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Food Safety Economics

Part of the book series: Food Microbiology and Food Safety ((PRACT))

Abstract

Disease burden estimates provide the foundation for evidence-informed policy making and are critical to public health priority setting around food safety. Several efforts have recently been undertaken to better quantify the burden of foodborne disease, but there is still much work to be done. While burden estimates are crucial to raising awareness of foodborne diseases, estimating their public health impact, and ranking diseases according to their importance, they may be insufficient for policy making. Knowledge on the most important sources of foodborne disease is key to identifying and prioritizing food safety intervention strategies and preventing and reducing the burden of diseases in a population.

This chapter outlines areas of improvement that would lead to improved estimates including enhancing foodborne disease surveillance infrastructure and improving our understanding of the burden of foodborne chemical exposures and chronic sequelae and provides an overview of attributing the burden of foodborne disease to specific foods.

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Abbreviations

AF:

Aflatoxin

CD:

Crohn’s disease

CDC:

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CeD:

Celiac disease

CIDT:

Culture-independent diagnostic test

DALY:

Disability-adjusted life year

ECDC:

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

EED:

Environmental enteric dysfunction

EFSA:

European Food Safety Authority

ETEC:

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

ExPEC:

Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli

FAO:

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

FBD:

Foodborne disease

FERG:

WHO Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group

FGD:

Functional gastrointestinal disorders

FUTI:

Foodborne urinary tract infection

GBS:

Guillain-Barré syndrome

GMI:

Global Microbial Identifier

HUS:

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

IBS:

Inflammatory bowel syndrome

JECFA:

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives

LTHO:

Long-term health outcomes

OR:

Odds ratio

PAF:

Population attributable fraction

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PI-IBS:

Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome

QALY:

Quality-adjusted life year

ReA:

Reactive arthritis

RR:

Relative risk

STEC:

Shiga toxin-producing E. coli

UC:

Ulcerative colitis

UTI:

Urinary tract infection

WGS:

Whole genome sequencing

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Barbara B. Kowalcyk

  2. RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    Barbara B. Kowalcyk & Archana Lamichhane

  3. Center for Foodborne Illness Research and Prevention, Raleigh, NC, USA

    Barbara B. Kowalcyk

  4. National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

    Sara M. Pires

  5. Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Elaine Scallan

  6. Department of Animal Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Food Systems, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Arie H. Havelaar

  7. Department of Public Health and Surveillance, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Brussels, Belgium

    Brecht Devleesschauwer

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Kowalcyk, B.B., Pires, S.M., Scallan, E., Lamichhane, A., Havelaar, A.H., Devleesschauwer, B. (2018). Improving Burden of Disease and Source Attribution Estimates. In: Roberts, T. (eds) Food Safety Economics. Food Microbiology and Food Safety(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92138-9_9

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