Skip to main content

Overburdening Higher Education? The Europeanisation of the Professional Complex

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
European Higher Education and the Internal Market

Part of the book series: Issues in Higher Education ((IHIGHER))

  • 332 Accesses

Abstract

Cross-border mobility of labour has become a major bone of contention in Europe. This contribution develops a theoretical framework that makes it possible to understand the emerging European labour market as a political project. The framework combines a Gramscian account of hegemony with sociology of professions with a view to better understanding the role of skilled migrants in establishing a European hegemony. A study of the Europeanisation of the professional complex and the obstacles this transformation has met so far provide interesting insights into the complexity of the European integration as a social transformation. The paper also highlights the vital role that the European Higher Education Area has gained in Europeanising the professional complex in recent years, which is not without risks for higher education.

I would like to thank Alberto Amaral and all the other organisers and participants of the Douro workshop (6 October 2016–8 October 2016) for their comments on previous drafts of this chapter. The usual disclaimer applies. The contribution has been developed with support from the European Research Council within the project Institutional Transformation in European Political Economy—A Socio-legal Approach (ITEPE-312331).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abbott, A. (1988). The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor. Chicago and London: The Univesity of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allsop, J. (2006). Regaining Trust in Medicine: Professional and State Strategies. Current Sociology, 54(4), 621–636.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. (1991). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London and New York: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates, D. (Ed.). (2007). Marxism, Intellectuals and Politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieler, A., & Morton, A. (2003). Globalisation, the State and Class Struggle: A ‘Critical Economy’ Engagement with Open Marxism. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 5(4), 467–499.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burawoy, M. (2016). The Promise of Sociology: Global Challenges for National Disciplines. Sociology, 50(50), 949–959.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CEDEFOP. (2012). Future Skills Supply and Demand in Europe Forecast 2012. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

    Google Scholar 

  • Craig, P., & de Búrca, G. (2011). The Evolution of EU Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalichow, F. (1987). Academic Recognition Within the European Community. European Journal of Education, 22(1), 39–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Cockborne, J.-E. (1995). Professional Services in the European Union. In OECD (Ed.), Liberalisation of Trade in Services (pp. 55–69). Paris: OECD.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Witte, B., Muir, E., & Dawson, M. (2013). Judicial Activism at the European Court of Justice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • DG Internal Market and Services. (2011). Revised Final Report: Study Evaluating the Professional Qualifications Directive Against Recent Educational Reforms in EU Member States, KM-31-13-714-EN-N. Brussels: European Union.

    Google Scholar 

  • Directive 2005/36/EC-consolidated. (2013). Consolidated Version of Directive 2005/36/EC of 20.11.2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durkheim, E. (2003 [1957]). Professional Ethics and Civil Morals. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durkheim, E. (2014 [1893]). The Division of Labor in Society. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ECJ. (1974). Reyners 2/74 [1974] ECR 631.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich, E. (2001 [1913]). Fundamental Principles of the Sociology of Law. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2010a). Commission Staff Working Document on the Transposition and Implementation of the Professional Qualifications, 22/10/2010 SEC (2010) 1292. Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2010b). List of Judgments of the Court of Justice Concerning Professional Recognition, MARKT/D4/JMV/ 1091649 /5/2010-EN. Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Parliament. (2015). Labour Market Shortages in the European Union. Brussels: European Parliament.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evetts, J. (1998). Professionalism Beyond the Nation-State: International Systems of Professional Regulation in Europe. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 18(11–12), 47–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evetts, J. (2002). New Directions in State and International Professional Occupation: Discretionary Decision-Making and Acquired Regulation. Work, Employment & Society, 16(2), 341–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fagforbundet. (2008). The EU Services Directive and the Public Services—A Norwegian perspective. Oslo: Fagforbundet.

    Google Scholar 

  • Favell, A., & Guiraudon, V. (Eds.). (2011). Sociology of the European Union. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freidson, E. (2001). Professionalism: The Third Logic. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gramsci, A. (1978). Selections from Political Writings (1921–1926). London: Lawrence & Wishart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gramsci, A. (1999 [1971]). Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci. London: ElecBook.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, M. E., & Ives, P. (2009). Subalternity and Language: Overcoming the Fragmentation of Common Sense. Historical Materialism, 17(1), 3–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habermas, J. (1996). Between Facts and Norms: Contribution to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Cambrige: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, S. (1985). Signification, Representation, Ideology: Althusser and the Post-Structuralist Debates. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 2(2), 91–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, E. (2011). The Difficult Relation Between International Law and Politics: The Legal Turn from a Critical IPE Perspective. New Political Economy, 16(5), 561–584.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, E. (2017). Quality Assurance and the Shift Towards Private Governance in Higher Education: Europeanisation Through the Back Door? Globalisation, Societies and Education, 16(4), 309–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klaus, V. (2012). Europe: The Shattering of Illusions. London: A&C Black.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kortese, L. (2016). Exploring Professional Recognition in the EU: A Legal Perspective. Journal of International Mobility, 4(1), 43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, M. S. (2013 [1977]). The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis. New Brunswick and London: Transaction Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisbon Recognition Convention. (1997). Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications Concerning Higher Education in the European Region. ETS No. 165, Council of Europe and UNESCO, https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/conventions/treaty/165.

  • Lukes, S., & Prabhat, D. (2012). Durkheim on Law and Morality: The Disintegration Thesis. Journal of Classical Sociology, 12(3–4), 363–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morton, A. (2006). The Grimly Comic Riddle of Hegemony in IPE: Where Is Class Struggle? Politics, 26(1), 62–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, R. (1984). The Structure of Closure: A Critique and Development of the Theories of Weber, Collins and Parkin. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 35(4), 547–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olsaretti, A. (2013). Beyond Class: The Many Facets of Gramsci’s Theory of Intellectuals. Journal of Classical Sociology, 14(Nov), 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons, T. (1969). Research in Human Subjects and the ‘‘Professional Complex’’. Daedalus, 98(2), 325–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, I., Fink, M., Ogus, A. et al. (2003). Economic Impact of Regulation in the Field of Liberal Professions in Different Member States Regulation of Professional Services, Final Report—Part 1. Vienna: Institute for Advanced Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosa, M. J., & Teixeira, P. (2014). Policy Reforms, Trojan Horses, and Imaginary Friends: The Role of External Stakeholders in Internal Quality Assurance Systems. Higher Education Policy, 27(2), 219–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saks, M. (2010). Analyzing the Professions: The Case for the Neo-Weberian Approach. Comparative Sociology, 9(6), 887–915.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, M., & Stone Sweet, A. (2002). On Law, Politics, and Judicialization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verbruggen, M. (1994). European Community Educational Law. A Short Overview. In J. De Groof (Ed.), Subsidiarity and Education. Aspects of Comparative Educational Law (pp. 47–68). Leuven and Amersfoort: Acco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, M. (1978). Economy and Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eva Hartmann .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hartmann, E. (2018). Overburdening Higher Education? The Europeanisation of the Professional Complex. In: Sin, C., Tavares, O., Cardoso, S., J. Rosa, M. (eds) European Higher Education and the Internal Market. Issues in Higher Education. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91881-5_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91881-5_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-91880-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-91881-5

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics