Abstract
Human communication use of silence and voice in flights and the input both provide in knowledge construction especially in unusual or emergency situations are the core of this book. In addition to voice, the book explores silence (personal, operational, institutional, and regulatory) and its impact towards accomplishing awareness for effective flight communication. Aviation interaction is purposeful, since pilots and controllers develop consciousness of where is the one and where is the other and in what status only when they exchange messages and describe their actions. The voice channel between pilot and controller may contain periods of operating in silence, but voice should restart to have a meaningful exchange of information (with no uncertainty) between their physically distant spaces. Empirical data from this book’s aviation informants include a whole range of instances: from verbal phraseology to truncated messages of hesitation, interrupted messages, and dialogic marking of checklists. So, communication constructs even explicit factual knowledge that must be applied (first perceived) by all participants following SOPs. Human factors analysis is focusing more on conditions and evaluations, whereas in cockpit operation environment, the issue seems to be more on how pilot, crew, and ATC expertise are to be exercised and thus implemented in a dynamic decision-making process.
Furthermore, it covers tacit knowledge that is not codified but in participant’s brains sometimes intuitive, sometimes judgmental, and context-sensitive. In any case, the only way to articulate the application of both knowledge types is by recruiting aviation informants, here anonymized using airport names as aliases explained in this chapter.
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Notes
- 1.
ACARS can make use of the SATCOM, the radio system that uses satellites (for voice and data transmissions) to transmit its data to ground stations. The system rely on “pings” (like most utilities in Internet-connected machines), as simple probes used to check the reachability of SATCOM systems aboard the planes. The pings tell us that the plane has power and it is likely intact (because it has power). Eurocontrol’s skybrary electronic repository provides a detailed description for the ACARS functions and messages at http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Aircraft_Communications,_Addressing_and_Reporting_System.
- 2.
The investigation for the disappeared Flight MH 370 is headed by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB ), at the request of the Malaysian Government. The government of Malaysia has officially declared the loss of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 an accident , and all of its passengers and crew presumed dead, on January of 2015. Since January of 2017, ATSB has developed an operational reporting process to provide regular updates on the progress of the search effort for MH370 (in the special section at http://www.atsb.gov.au/mh370.aspx). At a meeting of Ministers from Malaysia, Australia, and the People’s Republic of China held on July 2016, it was agreed that should the aircraft not be located in the current search area, and in the absence of credible new evidence leading to the identification of a specific location of the aircraft, the search would be suspended upon completion of the current search area. The statement said, “Despite every effort using the best science available, cutting edge technology, as well as modeling and advice from highly skilled professionals who are the best in their field, unfortunately, the search has not been able to locate the aircraft.” So, search is now suspended but future hunt for missing plane is not ruled out.
- 3.
In the USA, FAA’s Regulation #121.542 covers the topic and in Europe the European Commission Regulation EU-OPS 1.085 paragraph (f)(9)). The European regulation has a more mild phrasing compared to the explicit one in the FAA regulation: “The commander shall…not permit any crew member to perform any activity during take-off, initial climb, final approach and landing except those duties required for the safe operation of the aeroplane .” More at http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Sterile_Flight_Deck.
- 4.
Greece has a remarkable density of airports in its sovereign territory: 46 airports in an area size of 131,957 km2 in a coastline of 15,000 Km, with a very strong aviation tradition and operation. Also, Hellenic Air Force, although founded in a defense doctrine and strategy, is a protagonist in most NATO and international aviation drills and evaluations. The history of Greek Aviation starts at 1911.
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Katerinakis, T. (2019). Communication and Human Factors Phenomena in Aviation Transmit Knowledge. In: The Social Construction of Knowledge in Mission-Critical Environments. Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91014-7_2
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