Abstract
The Directive on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of Competition Law provisions of the Member States is the first Directive enacted in the field of Competition Law private enforcement. The Directive was passed on 26 November 2014, while the Member States were required to enforce laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with the Directive by 27 December 2016. Although private enforcement is distinguished from public enforcement, they interact in many ways. The perception is however that private enforcement of Competition Law is underdeveloped, uncertain and ineffective. The purpose of this chapter is to provide insight into the Croatian rules on the damages claims, especially in light of the new Croatian Act on Actions for Damages for Infringements of Competition Law. The Act contains both substantive and procedural rules governing actions for damages for infringements of the Competition Law provisions. The chapter analyses the new rules on the damages actions and outlines the main provisions of the Act in juxtaposition to the Directive. Special emphasis is put on the substantive and procedural novelties that diverge from the present regulation.
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- 1.
Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union (OJ L 349, 5.12.2014, p. 1). See Maier – Rigaud (2014).
- 2.
Joined Cases C-46/93 and C-48/93 Brasserie du Pêcheur [1996] I-1029, ECLI:EU:C:1996:79.
- 3.
OG 69/17.
- 4.
The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, OG 56/90, 135/97, 8/98 [consolidated text], 113/00, 124/00 [consolidated text], 28/01, 41/01 [consolidated text], 55/01 [correction], 76/10 and 85/10 [consolidated text], 05/14.
- 5.
OG 48/95, 52/97, 89/98.
- 6.
OG 122/03.
- 7.
Petrović and Jakšić (2014), p. 357.
- 8.
OG 79/09.
- 9.
OG 80/13.
- 10.
It stems from the Article 70(2) of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the Republic of Croatia, on the one part, and the European Communities and their Member States, on the other, OG IA 14/01, 15/01, 14/02, 1/05, 7/05, 9/05, 11/06.
- 11.
Petrović and Jakšić (2014), p. 358.
- 12.
OG 53/91, 91/92, 58/93, 112/99, 88/01, 117/03, 88/05, 2/07, 84/08, 96/08, 123/08, 57/11, 148/11, 25/13, 89/14.
- 13.
OG 35/05, 41/08, 125/11, 78/15.
- 14.
Pecotić Kaufman (2012), p. 5.
- 15.
For more on this issue see Lianos (2015).
- 16.
Article 230.
- 17.
See Bajčić and Martinović in this volume for a conceptual discussion of undertaking.
- 18.
Joined Cases C-295/04 to C-298/04, Manfredi and others [2006] ECR I-6619, ECLI:EU:C:2006:461, para. 95.
- 19.
Butorac Malnar (2015), p. 150.
- 20.
OG 25/13, 85/15.
- 21.
Butorac Malnar (2015), p. 151.
- 22.
Butorac Malnar (2015), p. 155.
- 23.
Regulation on the method of setting fines, OG 129/10.
- 24.
Butorac Malnar (2015), p. 155.
- 25.
Recital 34 of the Directive.
- 26.
Article 1109.
- 27.
Article 2(20) of the Directive.
- 28.
Wijckmans et al. (2016), p. 59.
- 29.
Article 15(3) of the Act.
- 30.
Article 15(4) of the Act.
- 31.
Article 15(5) of the Act.
- 32.
Article 16 of the Act.
- 33.
Communication from the Commission on quantifying harm in actions for damages based on breaches of Article 101 or 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (OJ C 167, 3.6.2013, p. 19).
- 34.
Bernitz (2016), p. 12.
- 35.
Cleynenbreugel (2016), p. 99.
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Pošćić, A. (2018). EU Competition Law in the Aftermath of Directive 2014/14 and Its Implementation in the Republic of Croatia. In: Marino, S., Biel, Ł., Bajčić, M., Sosoni, V. (eds) Language and Law. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90905-9_8
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