Uses of Geothermal Energy

Abstract

This chapter deals with multipurpose applications of geothermal energy. The thermal spring is considered as source of non-conventional energy. The advantage of this energy source over other is that it is perennial, inexhaustible and pollution free. Researches for using this energy have been undertaken over decades. In fact reserve of minerals and fossil fuels are non-renewable and continuously diminishing in quantity. The day has been approaching- perhaps by the turn of the century- when the fuel energy is bound to confront the development of the nation. Man has been looking for harnessing other sources of energy. Geothermal source is catching the imagination of all because of least cost to the environment. The geothermal energy has been utilized for various purposes throughout the world. In India electricity is generated by utilizing geothermal energy at Manikaran. The low enthalpy geothermal energy resource has been utilized for various purposes other than generating electricity. The thermal springs of Odisha are categorized as low enthalpy type. Low temperature, low total dissolved solids (TDS) and low outflow of thermal springs of Odisha suggest various uses other than electricity generation. The utilization of hot water of the springs would be in hydrotherapy, specially for the treatment of rheumatic and arthritic conditions. People sometimes drink this water for the treatment of gout, gastric disorder, dyspepsia and high blood pressure etc. As the water contains some sulphur it would be useful for treatment of skin diseases such as acne, eczema etc. The medicinal value of these waters has been enhanced by the presence of radon content. The water in some cases is clean enough to be potable. The water is used for drinking and cooking purposes. Health resorts (spa) have been constructed near thermal springs. In the field of agriculture, space heating, food processing, geothermal energy has played a significant role. Considerable quantity of helium gas in the thermal springs would be utilized in nuclear and space research.