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Archaeological Human Remains pp 57–80Cite as

Archaeological Approaches to Human Remains: France

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Abstract

France benefits from precocious development and a long history of research in natural sciences that dates back to the seventeenth century. As an inheritor of this early development and provided further stimulus by early discoveries of Neandertals in the nineteenth century, France was the first nation in the world to develop formalized research institutions, a professional society, and a journal dedicated to physical anthropology under the guiding aegis of Paul Broca and colleagues in Paris. The dominant question during the early stages of development concerned the number of races that characterized early human populations against the backdrop of the transition from Neandertals to modern humans. Along with continued morphological studies, this early focus has shifted to consider questions in paleodemography, paleopathology, and medico-legal studies. Uniquely in France, “archaeothanatology”, based on close taphonomic recording of the position of skeletal elements, grave structures, and grave inclusions to reconstruct funerary practices, developed most recently as a sub-discipline within biological anthropology. Benefitting from the legacy of its long scholarly history, multiple venerable institutions, and internationally active researchers, France continues to exert considerable influence on studies in biological anthropology today, which augurs well for the future of the discipline on a global scale.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    “Cent cinquante chercheurs travaillent à la connaissance de l’Homme dans toute ses dimensions, qu’elles soient biologiques, sociales ou culturelles, et dans toute l’épaisseur du temps, des origines de l’Homme à son devenir. La primatologie, la préhistoire, l’Anthropologie biologique et culturelle pratiquées au Musée de l’Homme contribuent à retracer l’histoire de l’Homme dans son environnement naturel et sociale.” (translation by the first author)

  2. 2.

    https://www.ephe.fr/ecole/histoire-et-personnalites

  3. 3.

    http://www.museedelhomme.fr/fr/musee/histoire-musee-homme/creation-musee-homme-1937

  4. 4.

    https://www.mnhn.fr/fr

  5. 5.

    https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collège_de_France

  6. 6.

    http://www.fondationiph.org/spip.php?article67

  7. 7.

    http://www.cnrs.fr/fr/organisme/presentation.htm

  8. 8.

    http://www.cnrs.fr/comitenational/sections/section.php?sec=31

  9. 9.

    https://www.journals.elsevier.com/lanthropologie

  10. 10.

    http://www.pacea.u-bordeaux1.fr/Presentation-generale.html?lang=fr

  11. 11.

    http://www.inrap.fr/de-l-archeologie-de-sauvetage-l-archeologie-preventive-9724

  12. 12.

    http://formations.univ-amu.fr/ME5APH-PRAPH4D0.html

  13. 13.

    https://www.u-bordeaux.fr/formation/2017/PRMA_28/bio-geosciences

  14. 14.

    http://www.univ-tlse3.fr/anthropologie-moleculaire-et-imagerie-de-synthese-451429.kjsp?RH=rub03

  15. 15.

    http://projets.pacea.u-bordeaux.fr/logiciel/?id=2#

  16. 16.

    http://musee-prehistoire-eyzies.fr/lhistoire-du-musee

  17. 17.

    http://www.ifporient.org/node/1

  18. 18.

    http://cirhus.as.nyu.edu/page/home

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Acknowledgments

Barra O’Donnabhain and María Cecilia Lozada provided extremely helpful editorial and content suggestions that improved this contribution. We also thank them for their patience that permitted its completion.

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  1. PACEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Christopher Knüsel & Bruno Maureille

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  1. Christopher Knüsel
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  2. Bruno Maureille
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Correspondence to Christopher Knüsel .

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  1. Department of Archaeology, University College, Cork, Ireland

    Barra O'Donnabhain

  2. Department of Anthropology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Maria Cecilia Lozada

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Knüsel, C., Maureille, B. (2018). Archaeological Approaches to Human Remains: France. In: O'Donnabhain, B., Lozada, M. (eds) Archaeological Human Remains. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89984-8_5

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