Skip to main content

Coopetition for Tourism Destination Policy and Governance: The Century of Local Power?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Future of Tourism

Abstract

Tourism destination governance has been challenged with the complexity of stakeholders’ behaviours both in the national, sub-national, and local levels. It is expected that all stakeholders collaborate in developing a destination. However, these stakeholders tend to develop strategies to gain competitive advantages among them. This chapter addresses these behaviours and examines the notion of governance and its relationship to the concepts of collaboration, cooperation, competition and coopetition. In order to understand the behaviours of stakeholders in a destination, this chapter proposes the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework as a comprehensive tool. The core of this framework is action situations when stakeholders interact in cooperation, competition and coopetition, such as sharing resources in a destination. Furthermore, a tourism destination may be seen as a series of action areas where stakeholders address some strategic development issues, such as climate change and inclusive development. Hence, tourism destination governance can be arranged and improved by understanding these stakeholders’ behaviours.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adams, R. D., & McCormick, K. (1987). Private goods, club goods, and public goods as a continuum. Review of Social Economy, 45(2), 192–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aoki, M. (1996). Towards a comparative institutional analysis: Motivations and some tentative theorizing. Japanese Economic Review, 47(1), 1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belleflamme, P., & Neysen, N. (2009). Coopetition in infomediation: General analysis and application to e-tourism. In Á. Matias, P. Nijkamp, & M. Sarmento (Eds.), Advances in tourism economics: New developments (pp. 217–234). Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bengtsson, M., & Kock, S. (2000). “Coopetition” in business networks—To cooperate and compete simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5), 411–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J., & Wincent, J. (2010). Coopetition: New ideas for a new paradigm. In S. Yami, S. Castaldo, G. B. Dagnino, & F. L. Roy (Eds.), Coopetition: Winning strategies for the 21st century (pp. 19–39). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonazzi, L., & Islam, S. M. N. (2007). Agency theory and corporate governance: A study of the effectiveness of board in their monitoring of the CEO. Journal of Modelling in Management, 2(1), 7–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouncken, R. B., & Fredrich, V. (2012). Coopetition: Performance implementations and management antecedents. International Journal of Innovation Management, 16(5), 1250028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brandenburger, A. M., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1995). The right game: Use game theory to shape strategy (Vol. 73). Chicago: Harvard Business Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandenburger, A. M., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1996). Co-opetition. London: HarperCollinsBusiness.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckley, P. F., & Casson, M. (1988). A theory of cooperation in international business. In F. J. Contractor & P. Lorange (Eds.), Cooperative strategies in international business (pp. 31–54). Lexington: Lexington Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burke, T., Genn-Bash, A., & Haines, B. (1991). Competition in theory and practice (revised ed.). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bushouse, B. K. (2011). Governance structures: Using IAD to understand variation in service delivery for club goods with information asymetry. The Policy Studies, 39(1), 105–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Centre for European Policy Studies. (1995). Corporate governance in Europe (CEPS working report no. 12). Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, M. J. (2008). Reconceptualizing the competition-cooperation relationship. Journal of Management Inquiry, 17(4), 288–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, X. P., & Bachrach, D. G. (2003). Tolerance of free-riding: The effects of defection size, defection pattern, and social orientation in a repeated public goods dilemma. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 90(1), 139–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chhotray, V., & Stoker, G. (2009). Governance theory and practice: A cross-disciplinary approach. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Child, J., Faulkner, D., & Tallman, S. B. (2005). Cooperative strategy: Managing alliances, networks, and joint ventures (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Clement, F. (2010). Analysing decentralised natural resource governance: Proposition for a “politised” institutional analysis and development framework. Policy Sciences, 43, 129–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Contractor, F. J., & Lorange, P. (1988). Why should firms cooperate? The strategy and economics basis for cooperative ventures. In F. J. Contractor & P. Lorange (Eds.), Cooperative strategies in international business (pp. 3–30). Lexington: Lexington Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cornett, M. M., Marcus, A. J., & Tehranian, H. (2008). Corporate governance and pay-for-performance: The impact of earnings management. Journal of Financial Economics, 87(2), 357–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crozier, M. P. (2010). Rethinking systems: Configurations of politics and policy in contemporary governance. Administration & Society, 42(5), 504–525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, G. B. (2009). Coopetition strategy: A new kind of interfirm dynamics for value creation. In G. B. Dagnino & E. Rocco (Eds.), Coopetition strategy: Theory, experiments, and cases (pp. 25–43). New York: Routledge.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, G. B., & Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition strategy: A new kind of interfirm dynamics for value creation. Paper presented at the European academy of management second annual conference – “Innovative research in management”, Stockholm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, G. B., & Rocco, E. (2009). Introduction – Coopetition strategy: A “path recognation” investigation approach. In G. B. Dagnino & E. Rocco (Eds.), Coopetition strategy: Theory, experiments, and cases (pp. 1–21). New York: Routledge.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Das, T. K., & Teng, B. S. (1999). Managing risks in strategic alliances. The Academy of Management Executive (1993–2005), 13(4), 50–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dredge, D., & Jenkins, J. (2003). Federal–state relations and tourism public policy, New South Wales, Australia. Current Issues in Tourism, 6(5), 415–443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drew, S. A., Kelley, P. C., & Kendrick, T. (2006). CLASS: Five elements of corporate governance to manage strategic risk. Business Horizons, 49(2), 127–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dyer, J. H., & Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. The Academy of Management Review, 23(4), 660–679.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edgell, D. L., & Haenisch, R. T. (1995). Coopetition: Global tourism beyond the millennium. Kansas City: International Policy Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edgell, D. L., Allen, M. D., Smith, G., & Swanson, J. (2008). Tourism policy and planning: Yesterday, today and tomorrow. Oxford: Elsevier.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Enright, M. J., & Newton, J. (2004). Tourism destination competitiveness: A quantitative approach. Tourism Management, 25(6), 777–788.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Enz, C. A. (2010). Hospitality strategic management: Concepts and cases (2nd ed.). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson, P. E. (2008). Achieving suitable coopetition in buyer-supplier relationships: The case of Astra Zeneca. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 15(4), 425–454.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fehr, E., & Fischbacher, U. (2004). Social norms and human cooperation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8(4), 185–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, C. C. (2005). Laying the theoretical foundations for the study of development aid. In C. C. Gibson, K. Andersson, E. Ostrom, & S. Shivakumar (Eds.), The Samaritan’s Dilemma: The political economy of development aid (pp. 24–47). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gnyawali, D. R., He, J., & Madhavan, R. (2008). Co-opetition: Promises and challenges. In C. Wankel (Ed.), 21st century management: A reference handbook. Los Angles: SAGE Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomes-Casseres, B. (1996). The alliance revolution: The new shape of business rivalry. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomezelj, D. O., & Mihalic, T. (2008). Destination competitiveness—Applying different models, the case of Slovenia. Tourism Management, 29(2), 294–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. (1985). Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91, 481–510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heide, J. B. (1994). Interorganizational governance in marketing channels. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 71–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, P., & Inman, C. (1996). Institutions, intergroup competition, and the evolution of hotel populations around Niagara Falls. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(4), 629–658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ivars Baidal, J. A. (2004). Regional tourism planning in Spain: Evolution and perspectives. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 313–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kluvankova-Oravska, T., & Chobotova, V. (2006). Shifting governance. Managing the commons: The case of Slovensky Raj National Park. Sociologia – Slovak Sociological Review, 38(3), 221–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kylänen, M., & Mariani, M. M. (2012). Unpacking the temporal dimension of coopetition in tourism destinations: Evidence from Finnish and Italian theme parks. Anatolia, 23(1), 61–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lado, A. A., Boyd, N. G., & Hanlon, S. C. (1997). Competition, cooperation, and the search for economic rents: A syncretic model. The Academy of Management Review, 22(1), 110–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langfield-Smith, K. (2008). The relations between transactional characteristics, trust and risk in the start-up phase of a collaborative alliance. Management Accounting Research, 19(4), 344–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Q., & Lu, Z. (2007). Corporate governance and earnings management in the Chinese listed companies: A tunneling perspective. Journal of Corporate Finance, 13(5), 881–906.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo, Y. (2007). A coopetition perspective of global competition. Journal of World Business, 42(2), 129–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, H. (2004). Toward global competitive advantage: Creation, competition, cooperation, and co-option. Management Decision, 42, 907–924.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGinnis, M. D. (2011). An introduction to IAD and the languange of the Ostrom workshop: A simple guide to a complex framework. The Policy Studies, 39(1), 169–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mishra, P. K., & Kumar, M. (2007). Institutionalising common pool resources management: Case studies of Pastureland management. Economic and Political Weekly, 42, 3644–3652.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, M. H., Koçak, A., & Özer, A. (2007). Coopetition as a small business strategy: Implications for performance. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 18(1), 35–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, R. P. (1988). Cooperative strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 9(5), 475–492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • North, D. C. (1989). Institutions and economic growth: An historical introduction. World Development, 17(9), 1319–1332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (2001). Local partnerships for better governance. Paris: OECD.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (2004). New forms of governance for economic development. Paris: OECD.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (2006). Applying strategic environmental assessment: Good practice guidance for development co-operation. Paris: OECD.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, M. D. (2004). Literature in strategic management in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23(5), 411–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, M. D., & Roper, A. (1998). Research in strategic management in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 17(2), 111–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2005a). Doing institutional analysis: Digging deeper than markets and hierarchies. In C. Menard & M. M. Shirley (Eds.), Handbook of new institutional economics (pp. 819–848). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2005b). Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2009a). Building trust to solve commons dilemmas: Taking small steps to test an evolving theory of collective action. In S. A. Levin (Ed.), Games, groups, and the global good (pp. 207–228). Berlin: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2009b). Institutional rational choice: An assessment of the institutional analysis and development framework. In P. A. Sabatier (Ed.), Theories of the policy process (pp. 21–64). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2010). Beyond market and states: Polycentric governance of complex economic systems. American Economic Review, 100, 1–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2011). Background on the institutional analysis and development framework. The Policy Studies, 39(1), 7–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, V., & Ostrom, E. (1977). Public goods and public choices. In E. S. Savas (Ed.), Alternative for delivering public services: Toward improved performance (pp. 7–49). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E., & Walker, J. (1997). Neither markets nor states: Linking transformation processes in collective action arenas. In D. C. Mueller (Ed.), Perspectives on public choice (pp. 35–72). Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Padula, G., & Dagnino, G. B. (2007). Untangling the rise of coopetition. International Studies of Management & Organization, 37(2), 32–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, A. (2000). Co-operation and competition: A Darwinian synthesis of relationship marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 34(5/6), 687–704.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, A., & Bejou, D. (1995). Tourism destination marketing alliances. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(3), 616–629.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, S. H., & Russo, M. V. (1996). When competition eclipses cooperation: An event history analysis of joint venture failure. Management Science, 42(6), 875–890.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pesämaa, O., & Erikson, P. E. (2010). Coopetition among nature-based tourism firms: Competition at local level and cooperation at destination level. In S. Yami, S. Castaldo, G. B. Dagnino, & F. L. Roy (Eds.), Coopetition: Winning strategies for the 21st century (pp. 166–182). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analysing industries and competitors. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M. E. (1985). Competitive advantage: Creating and sustaining superior performance. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prokkola, E. K. (2007). Cross-border regionalization and tourism development at the Swedish-Finnish border: “Destination arctic circle”. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(2), 120–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhodes, R. A. W. (1997). Understanding governance: Policy networks, governance, reflexivity, and accountability. Buckingham: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritala, P., & Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P. (2013). Incremental and radical innovation in coopetition—The role of absorptive capacity and appropriability. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30(1), 154–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritala, P., & Sainio, L.-M. (2014). Coopetition for radical innovation: Technology, market and business-model perspectives. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 26(2), 155–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, J. R. B., & Crouch, G. I. (2003). The competitive destination: A sustainable tourism perspective. Oxon: CAB International.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, J. (2005). Agency theory, ethics and corporate governance. In C. R. Lehman, T. Tinker, B. Merino, & M. Neimark (Eds.), Corporate governance: Does any size fit? (pp. 249–269). New York: JAI Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sandler, T., & Tschirhart, J. (1997). Club theory: Thirty years later. Public Choice, 93, 335–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seal, W. (2006). Management accounting and corporate governance: An institutional interpretation of the agency problem. Management Accounting Research, 17(4), 389–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sefton, M., Shupp, R., & Walker, J. M. (2007). The effect of rewards and sanctions in provision of public goods. Economic Inquiry, 45(4), 671–690.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shipley, R., & Kovacs, J. F. (2008). Good governance principles for the cultural heritage sector: Lessons from international experience. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 8(2), 214–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stronza Lee, A. (2009). Commons management and ecotourism: Ethnographic evidence from the Amazon. International Journal of the Commons, 4(1), 56–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teece, D. J. (1992). Competition, cooperation, and innovation: Organizational arrangements for regimes of rapid technological progress. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 18(1), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tribe, J. (1997). Cooperate strategy for tourism. London: International Thomson Business Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uzzi, B. (1997). Social structure and competition in interfirm networks: The paradox of embeddedness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(1), 35–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, J., Essex, S., Pinder, D., & Curry, K. (2005). Collaborative policymaking: Local sustainable projects. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(2), 325–345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, J. A. (1995). Studies of individualism-collectivism: Effects on cooperation in groups. The Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 152–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walley, K. (2007). Coopetition: An introduction to the subject and an agenda for research. International Studies of Management & Organization, 37(2), 11–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y. (2008). Collaborative destination marketing. Journal of Travel Research, 47(2), 151–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2007). Collaborative destination marketing: A case study of Elkhart county, Indiana. Tourism Management, 28(3), 863–875.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, I., & Young, L. (2002). On cooperating: Firms, relations and networks. Journal of Business Research, 55(2), 123–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, O. E. (1979). Transaction-cost economics: The governance of contractual relations. Journal of Law and Economics, 22(2), 233–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yami, S., & Nemeh, A. (2014). Organizing coopetition for innovation: The case of wireless telecommunication sector in Europe. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2), 250–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yüksel, F., Bramwell, B., & Yüksel, A. (2005). Centralized and decentralized tourism governance in Turkey. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 859–886.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zineldin, M. (2004). Co-opetition: The organisation of the future. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 22(7), 780–790.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Damayanti, M., Scott, N., Ruhanen, L. (2019). Coopetition for Tourism Destination Policy and Governance: The Century of Local Power?. In: Fayos-Solà, E., Cooper, C. (eds) The Future of Tourism. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89941-1_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics