Abstract
This chapter first provides an overview and analysis of current school-based interventions on mental health stigmatization. This includes contact-based education, literacy-based education, and other approaches such as protest, art-based interventions, and the summit approach. The effectiveness of contact-based education in improving knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intentions towards people with mental illnesses is supported by strong evidence. The student-driven summit approach is also a promising intervention in schools. Next the Opening Minds anti-stigma initiative of the Mental Health Commission of Canada, one of the first national anti-stigma programs to target school youth using contact-based education, is described to illustrate key ingredients and the program logic model for contact-based education in the Canadian school context. Engaging contact and delivery of recovery message are identified as key ingredients for program success. The logic model including four input components (team building, partnerships with schools, preparation, coordination), six process components (who-program deliverers, what-contents, how-pedagogy, materials, where-place, when-time), and four levels of program outcome (reaction, knowledge, behaviours, social changes) are discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chan, J. Y., Mak, W. W., & Law, L. S. (2009). Combining education and video-based contact to reduce stigma of mental illness: “The Same or Not the Same” anti-stigma program for secondary schools in Hong Kong. Social Science & Medicine, 68, 1521–1526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.02.016
Chandra, A., & Minkovitz, C. S. (2006). Stigma starts early: Gender differences in teen willingness to use mental health services. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38, 754.e1–754.e8.
Chen, S.-P., Dobson, K., Kirsh, B., Knaak, S., Koller, M., Krupa, T., … Szeto, A. (2017). Fighting stigma in Canada: Opening minds anti-stigma initiatives. In W. Gaebel, W. Rossler, & N. Sartorius (Eds.), The stigma of mental illness – end of the story? (pp. 237–261). Switzerland, UK: Springer Inetrnational Publishing.
Chen, S.-P., Koller, M., Krupa, T., & Stuart, H. (2016). Contact in the classroom: Developing a program model for youth mental health contact-based anti-stigma education. Community Mental Health Journal, 52(3), 281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-015-9944-7
Corrigan, P. W., Larson, J., Michaels, P. J., Vega, E., McClintock, G., Krzyzanowski, R., & Gause, M. (2013). The California schedule of key ingredients for contact-based antistigma programs. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 36(3), 173–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/prj0000006
Corrigan, P. W., Larson, J., Sells, M., Niessen, N., & Watson, A. C. (2007). Will filmed presentations of education and contact diminish mental illness stigma? Community Mental Health Journal, 43(2), 171–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-006-9061-8
Corrigan, P. W., Morris, S. B., Michaels, P. J., Rafacz, J. D., & Rusch, N. (2012). Challenging the public stigma of mental illness: A meta-analysis of outcome studies. Psychiatric Services, 63(10), 963–9733. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.005292011
Corrigan, P. W., River, L. P., Lundin, R. K., Penn, D. L., Uphoff-Wasowski, K., Campion, J., … Kubiak, M. A. (2001). Three strategies for changing attributions about severe mental illness. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 27(2), 187–195. Retrieved from http://login.ezproxy.library.ualberta.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=t
Corrigan, P. W., & Shapiro, J. R. (2010). Measuring the impact of programs that challenge the public stigma of mental illness. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(8), 907–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.06.004
Essler, V., Arthur, A., & Stickley, T. (2006). Using a school-based intervention to challenge stigmatizing attitudes and promote mental health in teenagers. Journal of Mental Health, 15(2), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638230600608669
Esters, I. G., College, L., Cooker, P. G., & Ittenbach, R. F. (1998). Effects of a unit in mental health on rural adolescents’ attitudes about seeking help and concepts of mental illness. Adolescence, 33, 469–476.
jack.org. (n.d.). Summit. Retrieved 28 Jul 2017, from jack.org: https://www.jack.org/summit
Kirkpatrick, D. L., & Kirkpatrick, J. D. (2006). Evaluating training programs: The four levels (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Koller, M., Chen, S.-P., Heeney, B., Potts, A., & Stuart, H. (2013). Opening minds in high school: Durham talking about mental illness (TAMI) in school activities – Post summit. Retrieved 7 June 2017, from Mental Health Commission of Canada: http://www.mentalhealthcommission.ca/sites/default/files/Stigma_OM_Durham_TAMI_In_School_Activities_Post%252520Summit_ENG_0_0.pdf
Koller, M., & Stuart, H. (2016). Reducing stigma in high school youth. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 134(Suppl 446), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12613
Kutcher, S., Wei, Y., & Morgan, C. (2015). Successful application of a Canadian mental health curriculum resources by usual classroom teachers in significantly and sustainably improving student mental health literacy. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 60(12), 580–586.
Mcluckie, A., Kutcher, S., Wei, Y., & Weaver, C. (2014). Sustained improvements in students’ mental health literacy with use of a mental health curriculum in Canadian schools. BMC Psychiatry, 14, 379–384.
Mellor, C. (2014). School-based interventions targeting stigma of mental illness: Systematic review. Psychiatirc Bulletin, 38(4), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.112.041723
Mental Health Commission of Canada. (2014a). HEADSTRONG. Retrieved 7 Jul 2017, from Mental Health Commission of Canada: https://www.mentalhealthcommission.ca/English/initiatives/11876/headstrong
Mental Health Commission of Canada. (2014b). Planning a youth anti-stigma summit: Summit coordinator toolkit. Retrieved from Mental Health Commission of Canada: http://www.mentalhealthcommission.ca/sites/default/files/2016-07/MHCC_HEADSTRONG_Summit_Toolkit_En_1%20%281%29.pdf
Milin, R., Kutcher, S., Lewis, S. P., Walker, S., Wei, Y., Ferrill, N., & Armstrong, M. A. (2016). Impact of a mental health curriculum on knowledge and stigma among high school students: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(5), 383–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.02.018
Painter, K., Phelan, J. C., DuPont-Reyes, M., Barkin, K. F., Villatoro, A. P., & Link, B. G. (2016). Evaluation of antistigma interventions with sixth-grade students: A school-based field experiment. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201600052
Perry, Y., Petrie, K., Buckley, H., Cavanagh, L., Clarke, D., Winslade, M., … Christensen, H. (2014). Effects of a classroom-based educational resource on adolescent mental health literacy: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Journal of Adolescence, 1143–1151. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.08.001
Pinfold, V., Toulmin, H., Thornicroft, G., Huxley, P., Farmer, P., & Graham, T. (2003). Reducing psychiatric stigma and discrimination: Evaluation of educational interventions in UK secondary schools. British Journal of Psychiatry, 182, 342–346. http://login.ezproxy.library.ualberta.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=t
Pinto-Foltz, M. D., Hines-Martin, V., & Logsdon, M. C. (2010). How adolescent girls understand and manage depression within their peer group: A grounded theory investigation. School Mental Health, 2, 36–43.
Pinto-Foltz, M. D., Logsdon, M. C., & Myers, J. A. (2011). Feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a knowledge-contact program to reduce mental illness stigma and improve mental health literacy in adolescents. Social Science and Medicine, 72, 2011–2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscimed.2011.04.006
Pitre, N., Stewart, S., Adams, S., Bedard, T., & Landry, S. (2007). The use of puppets with elementary school children in reducing stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness. Journal of Mental Health, 16(3), 415–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638230701299160
Rickwood, D., Cavanagh, S., Curtis, L., & Sakrouge, R. (2004). Educating young people about mental health and mental illness: Evaluating a school-based programme. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6(4), 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2004.9721941
Sakellari, E., Leino-Kilpi, H., & Kalokerinou-Anagnostopoulou, A. (2011). Educational interventions in secondary education aiming to affect pupils’ attitudes towards mental illness: A review of the literature. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 18, 166–176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01644.x
Sakellari, E., Sourander, A., Kalokerinou-Anagnostopoulou, A., & Leino-Kilpi, H. (2016). Opinions about mental illness among adolescents: The impact of a mental health educational intervention. School Mental Health, 8, 268–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-015-9159-7
Savaya, R., & Waysman, M. (2005). The logic model. Administration in Social Work, 29, 85–103.
Schulze, B., Richter-Werling, M., Matschinger, H., & Angermeyer, M. (2003). Crazy? So what! Effects of a school project on students’ attitudes towards people with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 107, 142–150.
Spagnolo, A. B. (2009). Examining the effect of anti-stigma messages on the attitudes of early adolescents. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.login.ezproxy.library.ualberta.ca/pqdtglobal/docview/305049758/abst
Stuart, H. (2006). Reaching out to high school youth: The effectiveness of a video-based antistigma program. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 51(10), 647–653. Retrieved from http://login.ezproxy.library.ualberta.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=fcs&AN=18176155&site=eds-live&scope=site
Stuart, H., Arboleda-Florez, J., & Sartorius, N. (2012). Paradigms lost: Fighting stigma and the lessons learned. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Stuart, H., Chen, S.-P., Christie, R., Dobson, K., Kirsh, B., Knaak, S., … Szeto, A. (2014a). Opening minds in Canada: Background and rationale. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 59(10 Suppl 1), S8–S12.
Stuart, H., Chen, S.-P., Christie, R., Dobson, K., Kirsh, B., Knaak, S., … Szeto, A. (2014b). Opening minds in Canada: Targeting change. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 59(10 Suppl 1), S13–S18.
Stuart, H., Patten, S., Koller, M., Modgil, G., & Liinamaa, T. (2014). Stigma in Canada: Results from a rapid response survey. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 59(Suppl 1), S27–S33.
Swartz, K. L., Kastelic, E. A., Hess, S. G., Cox, T. S., Gonzales, L. C., Mink, S. P., & DePaulo, J. R., Jr. (2010). The effectiveness of a school-based adolescent depression education program. Health Education and Behaviour, 37(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198107303313
The World Health Organization. (1996). The health of youth: A cross-national survey. The World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Regional Publications.
Ventieri, D., Clarke, D. M., & Hay, M. (2011). The effects of a school-based educational intervention on preadolescents’ knowledge of and attitudes towards mental illness. Advances in School Mental Health Promotion, 4(3), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/1754730X.2011.9715632
Wei, Y., Hayden, J. A., Kutcher, S., Zygmunt, A., & McGrath, P. (2013). The effectiveness of school mental health literacy programs to address knowledge, attitudes, and help seeking among youth. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 7, 109–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12010
Zaske, H. (2017). The influence of stigma on the course of illness. In W. Gaebel, W. Rossler, & N. Sartorius (Eds.), The stigma of mental illness – end of the story? (pp. 141–155). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chen, SP., Sargent, E., Stuart, H. (2018). Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions on Mental Health Stigmatization. In: Leschied, A., Saklofske, D., Flett, G. (eds) Handbook of School-Based Mental Health Promotion. The Springer Series on Human Exceptionality. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89842-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89842-1_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-89841-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-89842-1
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)