Abstract
The upper abdomen to the level of the adrenal glands is routinely included on CT scans of the chest. The organs are usually suboptimally evaluated because contrast is not commonly used for chest CT scans; however one must look carefully to make sure that pathology is not missed. The abdominal structures on chest CT which include the liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, adrenals, kidneys, and bowel should be viewed on mediastinal window settings (Level 40, Window 400). I recommend reviewing each organ individually as you scroll up and down through the organ.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Boll DT, Merkle EM. Diffuse liver disease: strategies for hepatic CT and MR imaging. Radiographics. 2009;29(6):1591–614.
Yeom SK, Lee CH, Cha SH, Park CM. Prediction of liver cirrhosis, using diagnostic imaging tools. World J Hepatol. 2015;7(17):2069–79.
Jacobs JE, Birnbaum BA, Shapiro MA, et al. Diagnostic criteria for fatty infiltration of the liver on contrast-enhanced helical CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998;171(3):659–64.
Schwenzer NF, Springer F, Schraml C, Stefan N, Machann J, Schick F. Non-invasive assessment and quantification of liver steatosis by ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance. J Hepatol. 2009;51(3):433–45.
Baffy G. Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2013;1(2):131–7.
Kodama Y, Ng CS, Wu TT, Ayers GD, Curley SA, Abdalla EK, Vauthey JN, Charnsangavej C. Comparison of CT methods for determining the fat content of the liver. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188:1307–12.
Grosse SD, Gurrin LC, Bertalli NA, Allen KJ. Clinical penetrance in hereditary hemochromatosis: estimates of the cumulative incidence of severe liver disease among HFE C282Y homozygotes. Genet Med. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2017.121.
deJongh AD, van Beers EJ, de Vooght KMK, Schutgens REG. Screening for hemosiderosis in patients receiving multiple red blood cell transfusions. Eur J Haematol. 2017;98(5):478–84.
Kim BB, Kim DM, Choi DH, et al. Amiodarone toxicity showing high liver density on CT scan with normal liver function and plasma amiodarone levels in a long-term amiodarone user. Int J Cardiol. 2014;172(2):494–5.
Wolkove N, Baltzan M. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity. Can Respir J. 2009;16(2):43–8.
Gupta AA, Kim DC, Krinsky GA, et al. CT and MRI of cirrhosis and its mimics. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183(6):1595–601.
Jang HJ, Yu H, Kim TK. Imaging of focal liver lesions. Semin Roentgenol. 2009;44(4):266–82.
Mortelé KJ, Ros PR. Cystic focal liver lesions in the adult: differential CT and MR imaging features. Radiographics. 2001;21(4):895–910.
Butscher A, Phan O, Bonny O. Extra-renal manifestations of the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Rev Med Suisse. 2017;13(551):450–6.
Assy N, Nasser G, Djibre A, Beniashvili Z, Elias S, Zidan J. Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15(26):3217–27.
Grand D, Horton KM, Fishman EK. CT of the gallbladder: spectrum of disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183(1):163–70.
Revzin MV, Scoutt L, Smitaman E, Israel GM. The gallbladder: uncommon gallbladder conditions and unusual presentations of the common gallbladder pathological processes. Abdom Imaging. 2015;40(2):385–99.
Karlo CA, Stolzmann P, Do RK, Alkadhi H. Computed tomography of the spleen: how to interpret the hypodense lesion. Insights Imaging. 2013;4(1):65–76.
Martin DF. Computed tomography of the normal pancreatic uncinate process. Clin Radiol. 1988;39(2):195–6.
Sato T, Ito K, Tamada T, et al. Age-related changes in normal adult pancreas: MR imaging evaluation. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(9):2093–8.
Foster BR, Jensen KK, Bakis G, Shaaban AM, Coakley FV. Revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 2016;36(3):675–87.
Lesniak RJ, Hohenwalter MD, Taylor AJ. Spectrum of causes of pancreatic calcifications. Am J Radiol. 2002;178:79–86.
Montagne JP, Kressel HY, Korobkin M, Moss AA. Computed tomography of the normal adrenal glands. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1978;130(5):963–6.
Schieda N, Siegelman ES. Update on CT and MRI of adrenal nodules. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2017;208:1206–17.
Furlan A, Federle MP, Yealy DM, Averch TD, Pealer K. Nonobstructing renal stones on unenhanced CT: a real cause for renal colic? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(2):W125–7.
Kay FU, Pedrosa I. Imaging of solid renal masses. Radiol Clin North Am. 2017;55(2):243–58.
Virmani V, Khandelwal A, Sethi V, Fraser-Hill M, Fasih N, Kielar A. Neoplastic stomach lesions and their mimickers: spectrum of imaging manifestations. Cancer Imaging. 2012;12(1):269–78.
Kim HC, Lee JM, Kim KW, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: CT findings and prediction of malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183(4):893–8.
Humes D, Simpson J, Spiller RC. Colonic diverticular disease. BMJ Clin Evid. 2007;2007:0405.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Salvatore, M.M., Go, R.C., Pernia M., M.A. (2018). The Upper Abdomen. In: Chest CT for Non-Radiologists. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89710-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89710-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-89709-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-89710-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)