Abstract
The granite gneiss and migmatitic terrane of southcentral Rajasthan around Devgarh-Madariya-Anjana areas in Rajsamand district has been geologically mapped and is found to contain rocks of individual precursor (protolith) identity. The major proportion of the precursor lithology (protolith) of the granite gneiss and migmatite terrane is mafic-ultramafic and pelitic rocks which were involved in regeneration through partial melting and formation of anatectic melt and its homogenisation and differentiation to produce magma of granitic composition. The other components of the migmatite terrane being chemogenic and arenaceous components, they did not participate in the regeneration through partial melting because of their inherent mineral composition not amenable to melting. The sequence of partial melt formation within the mafic-ultramafic-pelitic lithologies has been established through field evidences aided by chemico-mineralogical changes in the migmatite to the plutonic body of Anjana Granite. Chemically, it is seen that the Anjana Granite pluton is calkalkaline. It also indicates that during replacement from precursor mafic-ultramafic rocks, K2O and Al2O3 were released through melting in initial stages, which was also substantiated by lesser FeOt and higher normative orthoclase and corundum in the migmatites. EPMA studies of K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, and hornblende of Anjana Granite, migmatite and mafic enclaves show variable tetrahedral Al in biotites of the Anjana Granite in respect to the migmatite and mafic enclaves within the granite indicating biotite formed at varying higher temperatures to accommodate more tetrahedral sites with Al. The pargasitic hornblende is derived from common hornblende by addition of Na in A site and substitution of Al for Si. The EPMA data show Anjana Granite phase-I is Ab-An rich in which some of the plagioclase is replaced by Or as perthite growth whereas Anjana Granite phase-II is Or rich where Ab-An replaces Or during two feldspar growth or perthite–myrmekite formation. The dehydration melting reactions of pelitic and mafic precursor rocks produced partial melts of appropriate composition in a decompressive terrane. The melt, thus generated at depth, gathered into major granitic melt portions through folding and shear generated pathways and nucleation growth through shear instabilities; homogenised into granitic magma, and the magma intruded along the major shears within the terrane in forceful ballooning process making a ‘megaboudin’ like structure of the Anjana Granite pluton.
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The authors acknowledge Sri A. Thiruvengadam, Addl. Director General and HoD of GSI, Western Region for permission to publish this paper. Chemical analysis from WR GSI and EPMA of mineral phases from GSI Bangalore are thankfully acknowledged.
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Guha, D.B., Neogi, S., Raza, A. (2019). Evolution of a Granite Gneiss-Migmatite Terrane in Rajasthan: Melt Generation and Origin of Anjana Granite. In: Mondal, M. (eds) Geological Evolution of the Precambrian Indian Shield. Society of Earth Scientists Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89698-4_19
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