Skip to main content

Inflammasomes in Bone Diseases

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Inflammasomes: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications

Part of the book series: Experientia Supplementum ((EXS,volume 108))

Abstract

Unresolved inflammation is harmful to any tissues in the organism. Bone in particular is vulnerable to inflammatory assaults because its integrity depends on the activity of osteoclasts, which arise from myeloid precursors. Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption in normal and disease conditions. Increased osteolysis is a common feature of inflammatory disorders and a risk factor for bone fractures. Thus, bone is impacted negatively not only by local and systemic inflammatory mediators, but also directly, by alterations affecting myelopoiesis and lineage allocations. Such perturbations are characteristics of dysregulated inflammasomes, which are key regulators of innate immunity. In this review, we discuss the role of inflammasomes in bone diseases caused by sterile or non-sterile inflammation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Akiyama T, Miyamoto Y, Yoshimura K, Yamada A, Takami M, Suzawa T, Hoshino M, Imamura T, Akiyama C, Yasuhara R et al (2014) Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived lysine gingipain enhances osteoclast differentiation induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta but suppresses that by interleukin-17A: importance of proteolytic degradation of osteoprotegerin by lysine gingipain. J Biol Chem 289:15621–15630

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Aksentijevich I, Nowak M, Mallah M, Chae JJ, Watford WT, Hofmann SR, Stein L, Russo R, Goldsmith D, Dent P et al (2002) De novo CIAS1 mutations, cytokine activation, and evidence for genetic heterogeneity in patients with neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID): a new member of the expanding family of pyrin-associated autoinflammatory diseases. Arthritis Rheum 46:3340–3348

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Alippe Y, Wang C, Ricci B, Xiao J, Chao Q, Zou W, Novack DV, Abu-Amer Y, Civitelli R, Mbalaviele G (2017) Bone matrix components activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and promote osteoclast differentiation. Sci Rep 7:6630

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Anton J, Calvo I, Fernandez-Martin J, Gamir ML, Merino R, Jimenez-Trevino S, Sevilla B, Cabades F, Bou R, Arostegui JI (2015) Efficacy and safety of canakinumab in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes: results from a Spanish cohort. Clin Exp Rheumatol 33:S67–S71

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baum R, Sharma S, Carpenter S, Li QZ, Busto P, Fitzgerald KA, Marshak-Rothstein A, Gravallese EM (2015) Cutting edge: AIM2 and endosomal TLRs differentially regulate arthritis and autoantibody production in DNase II-deficient mice. J Immunol 194:873–877

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bechtold S, Simon D (2014) Growth abnormalities in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheumatol Int 34:1483–1488

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Zvi I, Livneh A (2011) Chronic inflammation in FMF: markers, risk factors, outcomes and therapy. Nat Rev Rheumatol 7:105–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Zvi I, Kukuy O, Giat E, Pras E, Feld O, Kivity S, Lecturer S, Perski O, Bornstein G, Grossman C et al (2017) Anakinra for colchicine resistant familial Mediterranean fever – a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheumatol 69:854–862

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonar SL, Brydges SD, Mueller JL, McGeough MD, Pena C, Chen D, Grimston SK, Hickman-Brecks CL, Ravindran S, McAlinden A et al (2012) Constitutively activated NLRP3 inflammasome causes inflammation and abnormal skeletal development in mice. PLoS One 7:e35979

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bostanci N, Emingil G, Saygan B, Turkoglu O, Atilla G, Curtis MA, Belibasakis GN (2009) Expression and regulation of the NALP3 inflammasome complex in periodontal diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 157:415–422

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bostanci N, Meier A, Guggenheim B, Belibasakis GN (2011) Regulation of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome gene expression levels in gingival fibroblasts by oral biofilms. Cell Immunol 270:88–93

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brydges SD, Mueller JL, McGeough MD, Pena CA, Misaghi A, Gandhi C, Putnam CD, Boyle DL, Firestein GS, Horner AA et al (2009) Inflammasome-mediated disease animal models reveal roles for innate but not adaptive immunity. Immunity 30:875–887

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Canna SW, Nigrovic PA (2016) Editorial: 21st century storm chasers: defining macrophage activation syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol 68:557–560

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Canna SW, de Jesus AA, Gouni S, Brooks SR, Marrero B, Liu Y, DiMattia MA, Zaal KJ, Sanchez GA, Kim H et al (2014) An activating NLRC4 inflammasome mutation causes autoinflammation with recurrent macrophage activation syndrome. Nat Genet 46:1140–1146

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cassel SL, Janczy JR, Bing X, Wilson SP, Olivier AK, Otero JE, Iwakura Y, Shayakhmetov DM, Bassuk AG, Abu-Amer Y et al (2014) Inflammasome-independent IL-1beta mediates autoinflammatory disease in Pstpip2-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:1072–1077

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chae JJ, Cho YH, Lee GS, Cheng J, Liu PP, Feigenbaum L, Katz SI, Kastner DL (2011) Gain-of-function Pyrin mutations induce NLRP3 protein-independent interleukin-1beta activation and severe autoinflammation in mice. Immunity 34:755–768

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chitu V, Nacu V, Charles JF, Henne WM, McMahon HT, Nandi S, Ketchum H, Harris R, Nakamura MC, Stanley ER (2012) PSTPIP2 deficiency in mice causes osteopenia and increased differentiation of multipotent myeloid precursors into osteoclasts. Blood 120:3126–3135

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Coll RC, Robertson AA, Chae JJ, Higgins SC, Munoz-Planillo R, Inserra MC, Vetter I, Dungan LS, Monks BG, Stutz A et al (2015) A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nat Med 21:248–255

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Davis BK, Roberts RA, Huang MT, Willingham SB, Conti BJ, Brickey WJ, Barker BR, Kwan M, Taxman DJ, Accavitti-Loper MA et al (2011) Cutting edge: NLRC5-dependent activation of the inflammasome. J Immunol 186:1333–1337

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Jesus AA, Canna SW, Liu Y, Goldbach-Mansky R (2015) Molecular mechanisms in genetically defined autoinflammatory diseases: disorders of amplified danger signaling. Annu Rev Immunol 33:823–874

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Erener S, Petrilli V, Kassner I, Minotti R, Castillo R, Santoro R, Hassa PO, Tschopp J, Hottiger MO (2012) Inflammasome-activated caspase 7 cleaves PARP1 to enhance the expression of a subset of NF-kappaB target genes. Mol Cell 46:200–211

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feldmann J, Prieur AM, Quartier P, Berquin P, Certain S, Cortis E, Teillac-Hamel D, Fischer A, de Saint Basile G (2002) Chronic infantile neurological cutaneous and articular syndrome is caused by mutations in CIAS1, a gene highly expressed in polymorphonuclear cells and chondrocytes. Am J Hum Genet 71:198–203

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Greenhill CJ, Jones GW, Nowell MA, Newton Z, Harvey AK, Moideen AN, Collins FL, Bloom AC, Coll RC, Robertson AA et al (2014) Interleukin-10 regulates the inflammasome-driven augmentation of inflammatory arthritis and joint destruction. Arthritis Res Ther 16:419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Guarda G, Zenger M, Yazdi AS, Schroder K, Ferrero I, Menu P, Tardivel A, Mattmann C, Tschopp J (2011) Differential expression of NLRP3 among hematopoietic cells. J Immunol 186:2529–2534

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guo H, Callaway JB, Ting JP (2015) Inflammasomes: mechanism of action, role in disease, and therapeutics. Nat Med 21:677–687

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gurung P, Burton A, Kanneganti TD (2016) NLRP3 inflammasome plays a redundant role with caspase 8 to promote IL-1beta-mediated osteomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:4452–4457

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Han X, Lin X, Yu X, Lin J, Kawai T, LaRosa KB, Taubman MA (2013) Porphyromonas gingivalis infection-associated periodontal bone resorption is dependent on receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand. Infect Immun 81:1502–1509

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hill SC, Namde M, Dwyer A, Poznanski A, Canna S, Goldbach-Mansky R (2007) Arthropathy of neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID/CINCA). Pediatr Radiol 37:145–152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman HM, Broderick L (2016) The role of the inflammasome in patients with autoinflammatory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 138:3–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann SR, Schnabel A, Rosen-Wolff A, Morbach H, Girschick HJ, Hedrich CM (2016) Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis: pathophysiological concepts and current treatment strategies. J Rheumatol 43:1956–1964

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holzinger D, Gieldon L, Mysore V, Nippe N, Taxman DJ, Duncan JA, Broglie PM, Marketon K, Austermann J, Vogl T et al (2012) Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin induces an inflammatory response in human phagocytes via the NLRP3 inflammasome. J Leukoc Biol 92:1069–1081

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ippagunta SK, Brand DD, Luo J, Boyd KL, Calabrese C, Stienstra R, Van de Veerdonk FL, Netea MG, Joosten LA, Lamkanfi M et al (2010) Inflammasome-independent role of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) in T cell priming is critical for collagen-induced arthritis. J Biol Chem 285:12454–12462

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Janowski AM, Sutterwala FS (2016) Atypical Inflammasomes. Methods Mol Biol 1417:45–62

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kassem A, Henning P, Lundberg P, Souza PP, Lindholm C, Lerner UH (2015) Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulates bone resorption by enhancing RANKL (receptor activator of NF-kappaB Ligand) through activation of toll-like receptor 2 in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 290:20147–20158

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kim H, Walsh MC, Takegahara N, Middleton SA, Shin HI, Kim J, Choi Y (2017) The purinergic receptor P2X5 regulates inflammasome activity and hyper-multinucleation of murine osteoclasts. Sci Rep 7:196

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kitamura A, Sasaki Y, Abe T, Kano H, Yasutomo K (2014) An inherited mutation in NLRC4 causes autoinflammation in human and mice. J Exp Med 211:2385–2396

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kolly L, Busso N, Palmer G, Talabot-Ayer D, Chobaz V, So A (2010) Expression and function of the NALP3 inflammasome in rheumatoid synovium. Immunology 129:178–185

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss JL, Zeng R, Hickman-Brecks CL, Wilson JE, Ting JP, Novack DV (2015) NLRP12 provides a critical checkpoint for osteoclast differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:10455–10460

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kronenberg HM (2003) Developmental regulation of the growth plate. Nature 423:332–336

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lukens JR, Gross JM, Kanneganti TD (2012) IL-1 family cytokines trigger sterile inflammatory disease. Front Immunol 3:315

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lukens JR, Gross JM, Calabrese C, Iwakura Y, Lamkanfi M, Vogel P, Kanneganti T-D (2014) Critical role for inflammasome-independent IL-1β production in osteomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:1066–1071

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Martin SJ (2016) Cell death and inflammation: the case for IL-1 family cytokines as the canonical DAMPs of the immune system. FEBS J 283:2599–2615

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maruotti N, Corrado A, Cantatore FP (2014) Osteoporosis and rheumatic diseases. Reumatismo 66:125–135

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mbalaviele G, Novack DV, Schett G, Teitelbaum SL (2017) Inflammatory osteolysis: a conspiracy against bone. J Clin Investig 127(6):2030–2039

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCall SH, Sahraei M, Young AB, Worley CS, Duncan JA, Ting JP, Marriott I (2008) Osteoblasts express NLRP3, a nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat region containing receptor implicated in bacterially induced cell death. J Bone Miner Res 23:30–40

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meng G, Zhang F, Fuss I, Kitani A, Strober W (2009) A mutation in the Nlrp3 gene causing inflammasome hyperactivation potentiates Th17 cell-dominant immune responses. Immunity 30:860–874

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Miao EA, Mao DP, Yudkovsky N, Bonneau R, Lorang CG, Warren SE, Leaf IA, Aderem A (2010) Innate immune detection of the type III secretion apparatus through the NLRC4 inflammasome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:3076–3080

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Miller LS, Pietras EM, Uricchio LH, Hirano K, Rao S, Lin H, O’Connell RM, Iwakura Y, Cheung AL, Cheng G et al (2007) Inflammasome-mediated production of IL-1beta is required for neutrophil recruitment against Staphylococcus aureus in vivo. J Immunol 179:6933–6942

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Munoz-Planillo R, Franchi L, Miller LS, Nunez G (2009) A critical role for hemolysins and bacterial lipoproteins in Staphylococcus aureus-induced activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome. J Immunol 183:3942–3948

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Neven B, Marvillet I, Terrada C, Ferster A, Boddaert N, Couloignier V, Pinto G, Pagnier A, Bodemer C, Bodaghi B et al (2010) Long-term efficacy of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in ten patients with neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease/chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous, articular syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 62:258–267

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Novack DV, Mbalaviele G (2016) Osteoclasts-key players in skeletal health and disease. Microbiol Spectr 4

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozen S, Bilginer Y (2014) A clinical guide to autoinflammatory diseases: familial Mediterranean fever and next-of-kin. Nat Rev Rheumatol 10:135–147

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park E, Na HS, Song YR, Shin SY, Kim YM, Chung J (2014) Activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. Infect Immun 82:112–123

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Qu C, Bonar SL, Hickman-Brecks CL, Abu-Amer S, McGeough MD, Pena CA, Broderick L, Yang C, Grimston SK, Kading J et al (2015) NLRP3 mediates osteolysis through inflammation-dependent and -independent mechanisms. FASEB J 29:1269–1279

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raisz LG (2005) Pathogenesis of osteoporosis: concepts, conflicts, and prospects. J Clin Invest 115:3318–3325

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rigante D, Leone A, Marrocco R, Laino ME, Stabile A (2011) Long-term response after 6-year treatment with anakinra and onset of focal bone erosion in neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID/CINCA). Rheumatol Int 31:1661–1664

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Romberg N, Al Moussawi K, Nelson-Williams C, Stiegler AL, Loring E, Choi M, Overton J, Meffre E, Khokha MK, Huttner AJ et al (2014) Mutation of NLRC4 causes a syndrome of enterocolitis and autoinflammation. Nat Genet 46:1135–1139

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rosengren S, Hoffman HM, Bugbee W, Boyle DL (2005) Expression and regulation of cryopyrin and related proteins in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Ann Rheum Dis 64:708–714

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schroder K, Tschopp J (2010) The inflammasomes. Cell 140:821–832

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scianaro R, Insalaco A, Bracci Laudiero L, De Vito R, Pezzullo M, Teti A, De Benedetti F, Prencipe G (2014) Deregulation of the IL-1beta axis in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 12:30

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shao W, Yeretssian G, Doiron K, Hussain SN, Saleh M (2007) The caspase-1 digestome identifies the glycolysis pathway as a target during infection and septic shock. J Biol Chem 282:36321–36329

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sibley CH, Plass N, Snow J, Wiggs EA, Brewer CC, King KA, Zalewski C, Kim HJ, Bishop R, Hill S et al (2012) Sustained response and prevention of damage progression in patients with neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease treated with anakinra: a cohort study to determine three- and five-year outcomes. Arthritis Rheum 64:2375–2386

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Silveira TN, Gomes MT, Oliveira LS, Campos PC, Machado GG, Oliveira SC (2017) NLRP12 negatively regulates proinflammatory cytokine production and host defense against Brucella abortus. Eur J Immunol, vol 47, pp 51–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Snouwaert JN, Nguyen M, Repenning PW, Dye R, Livingston EW, Kovarova M, Moy SS, Brigman BE, Bateman TA, Ting JP et al (2016) An NLRP3 mutation causes arthropathy and osteoporosis in humanized mice. Cell Rep 17:3077–3088

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tarp S, Amarilyo G, Foeldvari I, Christensen R, Woo JM, Cohen N, Pope TD, Furst DE (2016) Efficacy and safety of biological agents for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Rheumatology (Oxford) 55:669–679

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vande Walle L, Van Opdenbosch N, Jacques P, Fossoul A, Verheugen E, Vogel P, Beyaert R, Elewaut D, Kanneganti TD, van Loo G et al (2014) Negative regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by A20 protects against arthritis. Nature 512:69–73

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walsh NC, Gravallese EM (2010) Bone remodeling in rheumatic disease: a question of balance. Immunol Rev 233:301–312

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang L, Fu H, Nanayakkara G, Li Y, Shao Y, Johnson C, Cheng J, Yang WY, Yang F, Lavallee M et al (2016) Novel extracellular and nuclear caspase-1 and inflammasomes propagate inflammation and regulate gene expression: a comprehensive database mining study. J Hematol Oncol 9:122

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Xu CX, Alippe Y, Qu C, Xiao J, Schipani E, Civitelli R, Abu-Amer Y, Mbalaviele G (2017) Chronic inflammation triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome in myeloid cells promotes growth plate dysplasia by mesenchymal cells. Sci Rep 7(1):4880

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi Y, Kurita-Ochiai T, Kobayashi R, Suzuki T, Ando T (2016) Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in Porphyromonas gingivalis-accelerated periodontal disease. Inflamm Res 66:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida K, Okamura H, Hiroshima Y, Abe K, Kido JI, Shinohara Y, Ozaki K (2017) PKR induces the expression of NLRP3 by regulating the NF-kappaB pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected osteoblasts. Exp Cell Res 354:57–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshii T, Magara S, Miyai D, Nishimura H, Kuroki E, Furudoi S, Komori T, Ohbayashi C (2002) Local levels of interleukin-1beta, -4, -6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in an experimental model of murine osteomyelitis due to staphylococcus aureus. Cytokine 19:59–65

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Youm YH, Grant RW, McCabe LR, Albarado DC, Nguyen KY, Ravussin A, Pistell P, Newman S, Carter R, Laque A et al (2013) Canonical Nlrp3 inflammasome links systemic low-grade inflammation to functional decline in aging. Cell Metab 18:519–532

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Youm YH, Nguyen KY, Grant RW, Goldberg EL, Bodogai M, Kim D, D’Agostino D, Planavsky N, Lupfer C, Kanneganti TD et al (2015) The ketone metabolite beta-hydroxybutyrate blocks NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory disease. Nat Med 21:263–269

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zaki FM, Sridharan R, Pei TS, Ibrahim S, Ping TS (2012) NOMID: the radiographic and MRI features and review of literature. J Radiol Case Rep 6:1–8

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Y, Yang J, Shi J, Gong YN, Lu Q, Xu H, Liu L, Shao F (2011) The NLRC4 inflammasome receptors for bacterial flagellin and type III secretion apparatus. Nature 477:596–600

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments and Conflict of Interest

G.M. is supported by NIH/NIAMS AR064755 and AR068972 grants and is co-founder of Confluence Life Sciences, Inc. D.J.V is supported by NIH/NIAMS AR070030 and the Shriners Hospitals for Children.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gabriel Mbalaviele .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Mbalaviele, G., Veis, D.J. (2018). Inflammasomes in Bone Diseases. In: Cordero, M., Alcocer-Gómez, E. (eds) Inflammasomes: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications. Experientia Supplementum, vol 108. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89390-7_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics