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The Microbiome in Rheumatic Diseases and Infection pp 391–401Cite as

Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis

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Abstract

Subacute bacterial endocarditis involves microbial infection of the endocardium, heart valves, or intravascular device. Many pathogens are incriminated. Added to the clinical picture attributed to direct infection, the disease is capable of displaying a constellation of immunological and rheumatological manifestations. The diagnostic work-up includes microbiological and imaging techniques. The main rheumatological manifestations include musculoskeletal, renal, and vasculitic presentations. ANCA positivity has been reported repeatedly. We conducted a PubMed search on ANCA positivity with SBE, the results of which are discussed in this section. Attention to the possibility of SBE diagnosis in high-risk patients will lead to early diagnosis, timely treatment, and avoidance of unnecessary or potentially harmful treatment.

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Abbreviations

AAV:

ANCA-associated vasculitis

ACL:

Anticardiolipin antibodies

ANA:

Antinuclear antibodies

ANCA:

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies

ARF:

Acute renal failure

CAE:

Community-acquired IE

cANCA/PR3:

cANCA/proteinase 3

CGN:

Crescentic GN

CNS:

Central nervous system

CRF:

Chronic renal failure

CSGN:

Chronic sclerotic GN

HACEK:

Haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae

HAE:

Healthcare-associated IE

IE:

Infective endocarditis

MGN:

Mesangial GN

pANCA:

Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies

pANCA/MPO:

pANCA/myeloperoxidase

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PVE:

Prosthetic valve endocarditis

RPGN:

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

SBE:

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

SNGN:

Segmental necrotizing GN

TRF:

Terminal renal failure

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

    Gaafar Ragab

  2. Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

    Hussien Rizk

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  1. Gaafar Ragab
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  2. Hussien Rizk
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Correspondence to Gaafar Ragab .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

    Gaafar Ragab

  2. University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    T. Prescott Atkinson

  3. University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Matthew L. Stoll

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Ragab, G., Rizk, H. (2018). Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis. In: Ragab, G., Atkinson, T., Stoll, M. (eds) The Microbiome in Rheumatic Diseases and Infection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79026-8_30

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79026-8_30

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