Abstract
Ferropericlase, bridgmanite, Ca-perovskite, magnesiowustite and stishovite have been justified as the major rock-forming lower mantle minerals. This deduction is in excellent agreement with diamond-hosted inclusions and experimental subsolidus phases of pyrolite. The minerals belong to ultrabasic-basic lower mantle system MgO–FeO–CaO–SiO2. Experimental study of melting relations on the boundary MgO–FeO–SiO2 join of the system has revealed a peritectic reaction of bridgmanite and melt with formation of SiO2 (stishovite) and MgO–FeO solid solution oxides after bridgmanite breakdown (effect of stishovite paradox). The invariant peritectic point forms the basis for the liquidus structure of most representative lower mantle system MgO–FeO–SiO2–CaSiO3 being studied in physico-chemical experiments at 24 GPa. The peritectic reaction of bridgmanite opens the door to ultrabasic-basic evolution of lower mantle magmatism.
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Spivak, A.V., Litvin, Y.A. (2019). Lower Mantle Multicomponent Systems in Physico-Chemical Experiments. In: Evolution of Magmatic and Diamond-Forming Systems of the Earth's Lower Mantle. Springer Geology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78518-9_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78518-9_3
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