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Geochemical Analysis

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Geological Core Analysis

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Petroleum Geoscience & Engineering ((BRIEFSPGE))

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Abstract

Inorganic geochemistry is used indirectly for reservoir rock analysis. Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes, strontium isotopes, and elemental concentrations are used for this purpose. In isotope analysis, the ratio of the heavier to the lighter isotope type is measured. This ratio is compared to a standard. The difference is positive if the sample contains heavier isotopes and is negative if it is reached in light isotopes. The fractionation has a major role in isotope values of different samples. Vital effects, for example, cause negative excursion in organisms. Both carbon and oxygen isotope ratios are used for sequence stratigraphy and reservoir zonation, recognition of nonconformities, and hiatuses and mass extinctions. Paleotemperature can be calculated by oxygen isotope ratios. The balance between continental and mantle Sr input to the oceans determines the variations of this isotope. The result is used for absolute age dating and understanding sea-level fluctuations. Elemental analysis of the rocks also provides some important proxies for interpreting paleoenvironmental conditions, stratigraphic correlations, facies classifying, provenance studies, and the rate of weathering. Uranium geochemistry has attracted more attention in recent years because it is available from many reservoirs through spectral gamma logging. Rate of erosion and redox conditions, as well as original mineralogy are inferred from uranium distribution in a studied formation. Sample selection is very important in geochemical analysis because the final results and interpretations strongly depend on sample type, distance from each other, and final quality control. Studies of some of these aspects and their applications are just at their beginning stages.

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  1. School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Vahid Tavakoli

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Tavakoli, V. (2018). Geochemical Analysis. In: Geological Core Analysis. SpringerBriefs in Petroleum Geoscience & Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78027-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78027-6_5

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-78026-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-78027-6

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