Abstract
In this chapter, we present experimental and theoretical results for the nonlinear ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes and of supercooled ionic liquids at large electric fields exceeding 100 kV/cm. The nonlinear conductivity was measured by nonlinear ac impedance spectroscopy, i.e., by applying large ac electric fields and analyzing the measured current density spectra, in particular, higher harmonics in the current density spectra. We first review the first and second Wien effect found in classical strong and weak electrolyte solutions as well as the strong nonlinear ion transport effects observed for inorganic ionic glasses and for polymer electrolytes. Then we present models describing the nonlinear ion conductivity of classical electrolyte solutions, ionic glasses, and polymer electrolytes. Finally, recent results are presented for the nonlinear ionic conductivity and permittivity of supercooled ionic liquids. We show that supercooled ionic liquids exhibit anomalous Wien effects, which are clearly distinct from the classical Wien effects. Some ionic liquids exhibit a very strong nonlinearity of the ionic conductivity, manifesting even in seventh-order harmonic currents. We also discuss the frequency dependence of higher-order conductivity and permittivity spectra of these supercooled liquids.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
J.C. Bachman, S. Muy, A. Grimaud, H.-H. Chang, N. Pour, S.F. Lux, O. Paschos, F. Maglia, S. Lupart, P. Lamp, L. Giordano, Y. Shao-Horn, Chem. Rev. 116, 140 (2016)
J.W. Fergus, Solid State Ionics 227, 102 (2012)
A.M. Haregewoin, A.S. Wotango, B.-J. Hwang, Energy Env. Sci. 9, 1955 (2016)
A. Gonzalez, E. Goikolea, J.A. Barrena, R. Mysyk, Renew. Sustain. Energ. Rev. 58, 1189 (2016)
Q. Wang, P. Ping, X. Zhao, G. Chu, J. Sun, C. Chen, J. Power Sources 208, 210 (2012)
N.J. Kidner, N.H. Perry, T.O. Mason, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 91, 1733 (2008)
P. Bron, S. Dehnen, B. Roling, J. Power Sources 329, 530 (2016)
F. Kohler, The Liquid State (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1972)
B. Roling, C. Martiny, S. Brückner, Phys. Rev. B 63, 214203 (2001)
M. Wien, Ann. Phys. 73, 161 (1924)
H. Falkenhagen, Phys. Z. 30, 163 (1929)
W.S. Wilson, Dissertation, Yale University, 1936
L. Onsager, J. Chem. Phys. 2, 599 (1934)
R.J. Maurer, J. Chem. Phys. 9, 579 (1941)
J. Vermeer, Physica 22, 1257 (1956)
L. Zagar, E. Papanilolau, Glastechn. Ber. 42, 37 (1969)
J.P. Lacharme, J.O. Isard, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 27, 381 (1978)
J.M. Hyde, M. Tomozawa, Phys. Chem. Glasses 27, 147 (1986)
J.L. Barton, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 203, 280 (1996)
J.O. Isard, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 202, 137 (1996)
W. Huang, R. Richert, J. Chem. Phys. 131, 184501 (2009)
L.N. Patro, O. Burghaus, B. Roling J. Chem. Phys. 142, 064505 (2015)
L.N. Patro, O. Burghaus, B. Roling, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 185901 (2016)
L.N. Patro, O. Burghaus, B. Roling, J. Chem. Phys. 146, 154503 (2017)
A. Patterson Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 39, 146 (1953)
A. Patterson Jr., H. Freitag, J. Electrochem. Soc. 108, 529 (1961)
H.C. Eckstrom, C. Schmelzer, Chem. Rev. 24, 367 (1939)
S. Balasubramanian, K.J. Rao, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 181, 157 (1995)
A. Heuer, K. Kunow, M. Vogel, R.D. Banhatti, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 4, 3185 (2002)
H. Staesche, B. Roling, Z. Phys. Chem. 224, 1655 (2010)
Y. Tajitsu, J. Mater. Sci. 31, 2081 (1996)
Y. Tajitsu, J. Electrostat. 42, 203 (1997)
Y. Tajitsu, J. Electrostat. 43, 203 (1998)
Y. Tajitsu, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 18, 1287 (1999)
H. Staesche, B. Roling, Phys. Rev. B 82, 134202 (2010)
V. Kaiser, S.T. Bramwell, P.C.W. Holdsworth, R. Moessner, Nat. Mater. 12, 1033 (2013)
S. Röthel, R. Friedrich, L. Lühning, A. Heuer, Z. Phys. Chem. 224, 1855 (2010)
B. Roling, J. Chem. Phys. 117, 1320 (2002)
A. Heuer, L. Lühning, J. Chem. Phys. 140, 094508 (2014)
J. Frenkel, Phys. Rev. 54, 647 (1938)
S. Murugavel, B. Roling, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 351, 2819 (2005)
C. Crauste-Thibierge, C. Brun, F. Ladieu, D. L’Hote, G. Biroli, J.-P. Bouchaud, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 165703 (2010)
C. Brun, F. Ladieu, D. L’HÔte, M. Tarzia, G. Biroli, J.P. Bouchaud, Phys. Rev. B 84, 104204 (2011)
Th Bauer, P. Lunkenheimer, A. Loidl, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 225702 (2013)
R. Richert, J. Chem. Phys. 144, 114501 (2016)
S. Albert, Th Bauer, M. Michl, G. Biroli, J.P. Bouchaud, A. Loidl, P. Lunkenheimer, R. Tourbot, C. Wiertel-Gasquet, F. Ladieu, Science 352, 1308 (2016)
G. Diezemann, Phys. Rev. E 85, 051502 (2012)
C. Mattner, B. Roling, A. Heuer, Solid State Ionics 261, 28 (2014)
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the German Science Foundation (DFG) for financial support in the framework of the Research Unit FOR 1394. Valuable discussions with Andreas Heuer and Diddo Diddens are also gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Roling, B., Patro, L.N., Burghaus, O. (2018). Nonlinear Ionic Conductivity of Solid Electrolytes and Supercooled Ionic Liquids. In: Richert, R. (eds) Nonlinear Dielectric Spectroscopy. Advances in Dielectrics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77574-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77574-6_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-77573-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-77574-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)