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Pd-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Carbocyanation Reactions of Chiral N-Allyl Carboxamides and Indoles

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Stereoselective Heterocycle Synthesis via Alkene Difunctionalization

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Abstract

Although still in its early stages, the aryliodination reaction is a noteworthy transformation due to its ability to rapidly construct all-carbon quaternatry centers. Chapter 1 outlined key discoveries which facilitated a significant broadening of the reaction scope, and the first application of this methodology in the synthesis of a natural product.

Portions of this chapter have appeared in print. See Refs. [1, 2].

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Notes

  1. 1.

    References [3, 4].

  2. 2.

    Reference [5].

  3. 3.

    Although this reaction is referred to as the Rosenmund-von Braun reaction, Rosenmund contribution showed that ArX reacts with KCN, KOH and H2O in a CuCN promoted reaction leading to the benzoic acid derivatives. von Braun used this reaction, yet did not study it in detail or expand the scope. See Refs. [6,7,8,9].

  4. 4.

    Reference [10].

  5. 5.

    Reference [11].

  6. 6.

    References [9, 12].

  7. 7.

    Reference [13].

  8. 8.

    Reference [14].

  9. 9.

    Reference [15].

  10. 10.

    Reference [16].

  11. 11.

    Reference [17].

  12. 12.

    References [18, 19].

  13. 13.

    Reference [20].

  14. 14.

    Reference [21].

  15. 15.

    Reference [22].

  16. 16.

    Reference [23].

  17. 17.

    Reference [24].

  18. 18.

    Reference [25].

  19. 19.

    Reference [26].

  20. 20.

    References [27, 28].

  21. 21.

    Reference [29].

  22. 22.

    Reference [30].

  23. 23.

    References [31,32,33,34,35].

  24. 24.

    Reference [36].

  25. 25.

    References [37, 38].

  26. 26.

    Reference [39].

  27. 27.

    Reference [40].

  28. 28.

    References [41, 42].

  29. 29.

    Reference [43].

  30. 30.

    Reference [44].

  31. 31.

    Reference [45].

  32. 32.

    Reference [46].

  33. 33.

    Reference [47].

  34. 34.

    Reference [48].

  35. 35.

    Reference [49].

  36. 36.

    Reference [50].

  37. 37.

    Reference [51].

  38. 38.

    Around the same time, an intermolecular variant was reported. See Ref. [52].

  39. 39.

    References [53,54,55].

  40. 40.

    Reference [56].

  41. 41.

    References [57,58,59,60].

  42. 42.

    References [54, 61].

  43. 43.

    References [62, 63].

  44. 44.

    References [64, 65].

  45. 45.

    Reference [66].

  46. 46.

    Reference [67].

  47. 47.

    Reference [68].

  48. 48.

    Reference [69].

  49. 49.

    References [70, 71].

  50. 50.

    Reference [72].

  51. 51.

    Reference [73].

  52. 52.

    For an example of the addition of TMSCN across alkynes, see: Ref. [74].

  53. 53.

    Reference [75].

  54. 54.

    Reference [76].

  55. 55.

    Reference [77].

  56. 56.

    Reference [78].

  57. 57.

    References [79, 80].

  58. 58.

    Reference [81].

  59. 59.

    Reference [82].

  60. 60.

    Price taken from: http://www.strem.com/catalog/v/26-3575/32/iron_312959-24-3 on 04/18/2016.

  61. 61.

    Reference [83].

  62. 62.

    Reference [84].

  63. 63.

    Reference [85].

  64. 64.

    References [86,87,88,89].

  65. 65.

    Reference [55].

  66. 66.

    Reference [91].

  67. 67.

    Reference [92].

  68. 68.

    Reference [93].

  69. 69.

    Reference [94].

  70. 70.

    Reference [95].

  71. 71.

    Reference [96].

  72. 72.

    Dimethyl amine is a gas at ambient temperature and pressure with a boiling point of 7 °C. Dibutyl amine has a boiling point of 159 °C.

  73. 73.

    Reference [97].

  74. 74.

    Reference [98].

  75. 75.

    Reference [99].

  76. 76.

    Reference [100].

  77. 77.

    Reference [101].

  78. 78.

    Reference [102].

  79. 79.

    Reference [103].

  80. 80.

    Reference [104].

  81. 81.

    Reference [105].

  82. 82.

    Reference [106].

  83. 83.

    Reference [107].

  84. 84.

    Reference [108].

  85. 85.

    Reference [109].

  86. 86.

    Reference [110].

  87. 87.

    Reference [111].

  88. 88.

    Reference [112].

  89. 89.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  90. 90.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  91. 91.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  92. 92.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  93. 93.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  94. 94.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  95. 95.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  96. 96.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  97. 97.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  98. 98.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  99. 99.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  100. 100.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  101. 101.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  102. 102.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  103. 103.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  104. 104.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  105. 105.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  106. 106.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  107. 107.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  108. 108.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  109. 109.

    This compound was prepared by Hyung Yoon.

  110. 110.

    Reference [113].

  111. 111.

    Reference [114].

  112. 112.

    Reference [115].

  113. 113.

    Reference [116].

  114. 114.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  115. 115.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  116. 116.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  117. 117.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  118. 118.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  119. 119.

    This compound was synthesized by Nicolas Zeidan.

  120. 120.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  121. 121.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  122. 122.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  123. 123.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  124. 124.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  125. 125.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  126. 126.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  127. 127.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  128. 128.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  129. 129.

    This compound was synthesized by Nicolas Zeidan.

  130. 130.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  131. 131.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  132. 132.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  133. 133.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  134. 134.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  135. 135.

    This compound was synthesized by Andy Yen.

  136. 136.

    Reference [117].

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Correspondence to David A. Petrone .

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Petrone, D.A. (2018). Pd-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Carbocyanation Reactions of Chiral N-Allyl Carboxamides and Indoles. In: Stereoselective Heterocycle Synthesis via Alkene Difunctionalization. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77507-4_2

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