Abstract
Flow-induced noise contributes to the self-noise level of a hydroacoustic antenna that is either attached to or towed behind a moving platform at sea. It is induced in the interior of the antenna by hull vibrations excited by an outer turbulent boundary layer. Two different hull configurations were studied in a research cruise with an underwater towed body measurement system in Sognefjord, Norway. While the hydrophones were embedded into the hull structure in one of the flat plate configurations, they were separated from the hull by a water layer in the other. Material properties and hydrophone positions with respect to the flow were very similar in both configurations. By means of wavenumber–frequency analysis, the (flow-induced) spectral noise level is determined for towing speeds ranging from 4 to 12 kn. The noise level at the embedded hydrophones is systematically higher for all speeds than that at the separated hydrophones.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
In hydroacoustics, the notation k is often used for both a wavenumber given in (\(2\pi m^{-1}\)) and in (\(m^{-1}\)). Since the former is used in relation to the angular frequency \(\omega \) while the latter in relation to the frequency f, we will adopt the common notation and also write k instead of \(\tilde{k}\) in the following.
References
Schlichting, H.: Grenzschicht-Theorie (Engl.: Boundary Layer Theory). G. Braun, Karlsruhe (1965)
Farabee, T.M., Casarella, M.J.: Spectral features of wall pressure fluctuations beneath turbulent boundary layers. Phys. Fluids A 10, 2410–2420 (1991)
Ciappi, E., De Rosa, S., Franco, F., Guyader, J.L., Hambric, S.A. (eds.): Flinovia—Flow Induced Noise and Vibration Issues and Aspects. Springer, Cham (2015)
Müller, S., Becker, S., Gabriel, Ch., Lerch, R., Ulrich, F.: Flow-induced input of sound to the interior of a simplified car model depending on various setup parameters. In: 19th AIAA/CEAS Conference (2013). https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-2019
Hu, N., Buchholz, H., Herr, M., Spehr, C., Haxter, S.: Contribution of different aeroacoustic sources to aircraft cabin noise. In: 19th AIAA/CEAS Conference (2013). https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-2030
Blake, W.K.: Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration, vols. 1, 2. Academic Press, New York (1986)
Dowling, A.P.: Underwater flow noise. Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 10, 135–153 (1998)
Keith, W.L., Cipolla, K.M., Furey, D.: Turbulent wall pressure fluctuation measurements on a towed model at high Reynolds numbers. Exp. Fluids 46, 181–189 (2009)
Elboth, T., Reif, B.A., Andreassen, Ø., Martell, M.B.: Flow noise reduction from superhydrophobic surfaces. Geophysics 77, P1–P10 (2012)
Abshagen, J., Küter, D., Nejedl, V.: Flow-induced interior noise from a turbulent boundary layer of a towed body. Adv. Aircr. Spacecr. Sci. 3(3), 259–269 (2016)
Urick, R.: Principles of Underwater Sound, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (1975)
Carey, W.M., Evans, R.B.: Ocean Ambient Noise: Measurement and Theory. Springer, New York (2011)
Hambric, S.A., Hwang, Y.F., Bonness, W.K.: Vibration of plates with clamped and free edges excited by low-speed turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluids Struct. 19, 93–110 (2004)
De Rosa, S., Franco, F.: Exact and numerical response of a plate under turbulent boundary layer excitation. J. Fluids Struct. 24, 212–230 (2008)
Ciappi, E., Magionesi, F., De Rosa, S., Franco, F.: Analysis of the scaling laws for the turbulence driven panel responses. J. Fluids Struct. 32, 90–103 (2013)
Abshagen, J., Schäfer, I., Will, Ch., Pfister, G.: Coherent flow noise beneath a flat plate in a water tunnel experiment. J. Sound Vib. 340, 211–220 (2015)
Abshagen, J., Nejedl, V.: Towed body measurements of flow noise from a turbulent boundary layer under sea conditions. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 135(2), 637–645 (2014)
Corcos, G.M.: Resolution of pressure in turbulence. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 35, 192–199 (1963)
Lueptow, R.M.: Transducer resolution and the turbulent wall pressure spectrum. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 370–378 (1995)
Kerboua, Y., Lakis, A.A., Thomas, M., Marcouiller, L.: Vibration analysis of rectangular plates coupled with fluids. Appl. Math. Modell. 32, 2570–2586 (2008)
Acknowledgements
The excellent support from the engineering branch of WTD 71, from ATLAS Elektronik, and from Captain and Crew of RV Elisabeth Mann Borgese (IOW, Germany) is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Abshagen, J., Küter, D., Nejedl, V. (2019). Turbulent Flow Noise Generation Under Sea Conditions. In: Ciappi, E., et al. Flinovia—Flow Induced Noise and Vibration Issues and Aspects-II. FLINOVIA 2017. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76780-2_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76780-2_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-76779-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-76780-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)